摘 要: 為深入研究干旱脅迫對山葡萄影響的生理機理和指導干旱地區山葡萄的生產栽培,以左山二的當年生扦插苗為試材,利用快速葉綠素熒光誘導動力學曲線分析技術研究了干旱脅迫下山葡萄幼苗葉片的光系統活性。結果表明,隨著干旱脅迫的加重,F0上升,Fv/Fm、PIABS及ψ0降低。JIP-test分析發現隨著干旱脅迫的加劇葉綠素熒光誘導動力學曲線中J、I點升高,并出現明顯的K點;同時反映單位面積葉片光能利用率的ABS/CS、ET0/CS等參數下降,而單位反應中心的性能有所增加,熱耗散增加。說明嚴重的干旱脅迫使山葡萄葉片PSⅡ電子傳遞鏈供體側和受體側均受到傷害,抑制了光合電子傳遞,導致產生過量激發能,最終導致光合作用的下降。
關鍵詞: 山葡萄; 干旱脅迫; 光系統Ⅱ
中圖分類號:S663.1 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1009-9980?穴2011?雪06-977-07
Effects of drought stress on activities of photosystems Ⅱ in leaves of young plants of amur grape Zuoshan 2
CHEN Li, WANG Zhen-xing, AI Jun*, XU Pei-lei, QIN Hong-yan, ZHAO Ying, LIU Ying-xue, JIAO Zhu-qing, SHEN Yu-jie
(Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, CAAS, Jilin 132109 China)
Abstract: Activities of photosystem Ⅱin leaves on Zuoshan 2 annual cutting shoots under drought stress were studied by analyzing chlorophyll fluorescence transient for lucubrating the physiological mechanism of the effect of drought stress on amur grape and guiding amur grape culture in arid region. The results showed that F0 increased and Fv/Fm, PIABS,ψ0 decreased with increasing drought, and J and I steps increased and K step appeared evidently. Meanwhile, light use efficiency per unit leaf area expressed by ABS/CS,ET0/CS and other parameters decreased while capacity per reaction center increased and dissipated energy flux increased under drought stress. The results showed that the damage of both donor side and acceptor side of PSⅡin leaves of Amur grape under drought stress could cause the inhibition of electron transportation and the accumulation of excessive excited energy, which finally result in the decrease of photosynthesis .
Key words: Amur grape; Drought stress; Photosystem Ⅱ
世界上限制農作物產量的諸多環境因素中,最重要的是供水條件,全世界有1/3的可耕地處于供水不足的狀態,而其他耕地也常會遭受周期性的干旱,世界性的水分虧缺導致的減產超過其他因素所造成減產的總和[1]。山葡萄(Vitis amurensis Rupr)為葡萄科葡萄屬落葉藤本果樹,原產于我國東北、俄羅斯遠東地區和朝鮮半島,因其較高的經濟價值在我國東北及內蒙古地區栽培面積很大。近年來隨著栽培區域的擴大,山葡萄栽培逐漸向干旱和半干旱地區發展,選育耐旱性品種及采取相應的栽培技術措施對山葡萄產業的發展具有重要意義。
植物的光合機構對逆境脅迫非常敏感,通常是逆境脅迫的首要位點[2]。……