摘 要: 應用cpSSR分子標記來研究香蕉種質資源分類,用篩選到的16對多態性引物對42份香蕉材料進行擴增,共檢測出86個多態性條帶,每對引物產生的多態性條帶為2~8,平均為5.5,多態信息含量為0.188 9~0.780 5。在相似系數為0.76時,供試的42份香蕉材料分成3大類群:類群Ⅰ為M. acuminata的全部亞種和供試的所有栽培蕉品種;類群Ⅱ為供試的全部M. balbisiana材料;類群Ⅲ為除了M. acuminata和M. balbisiana外其他全部供試的野生蕉材料。結果表明基于cpSSR分子標記的香蕉種質資源的分類在種間具有較好的區分能力,但是cpSSR分類表現出較大的地理分布的相關性,而與形態特征關系不密切。
關鍵詞: 香蕉; 葉綠體SSR; 種質資源; 分類
中圖分類號:S668.1 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1009-9980?穴2011?雪06-1012-07
The classification of Musa species using chloroplast SSR primers
LI Bo1,2,FENG Hui-min3,WANG Jing-yi2, TONG He-lin1,2,CHEN You3,WU Yao-ting3*
(1Agricultural College,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228 China; 2Ministry of Agriculture's Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology,Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science (CATAS),Haikou,Hainan 571101 China; 3Qiongzhou University,Sanya,Hainan 572002 China)
Abstract: Choroplast genome was involved in the development of cpSSR primer pairs in Musa and the transferability of cpSSR markers from other plants across Musa wild species was observed. A set of 16 polymorphic cpSSR primers were selected to classify 42 related species/subspecies. A total of 86 polymorphic bands with an average of 5.5 bands (range 2 to 8) were identified. The PIC values ranged from 0.188 9 to 0.780 5. The UPGMA dendrogram divided the banana accessions into three main groups based on the similarity coefficient 0.76. GroupⅠincluded all the subspecies of M. acuminata and all the cultivated banana varieties. All the materials of M. balbisiana formed GroupⅡ. Group Ⅲ included all the wild materials except the species/subspecies of M. acuminata and M. balbisiana. The results showed that cpSSR marker was useful to distinguish the related species of Musa. The cluster analysis of cpSSR in present study revealed that the wild species/subspecies could be well grouped according to the geographical origin and but not to the morphological characters.
Key words: Musa; cpSSR; Germplasm resources; Classification
香蕉(Musa spp.)是多年生常綠單子葉草本植物,隸屬于姜目(zingberdles)芭蕉科(Musaceae)芭蕉屬(Musa L.),是著名的熱帶水果,也是熱帶、亞熱帶發展中國家的最重要作物之一。 香蕉栽培品種是尖葉蕉(Musa acuminata Colla, 記為A 基因組) 和長梗蕉(Musa balbisiana Colla, 記為B 基因組) 這2 個原始野生蕉種內或種間雜交后代進化而成的[1-2]。依據形態特征和倍性特征可以把栽培蕉分為5個主要的基因組型(AA,AB,AAA,AAB,ABB)[2-3]。目前已知提供B基因組的M. balbisiana 未記錄有任何亞種,遺傳穩定[4]。而提供A基因組的M. acuminata 具有豐富的亞種和變種,遺傳差異大,多樣性豐富,已描述的亞種和變種有:M. acuminata ssp. banksii,M. acuminata ssp. Burmanica,M. acuminata ssp. burmanicoides,M.acuminata ssp. Malaccensis,M. acuminata ssp. Microcarpa,M. acuminata ssp. siamea, M. acuminata ssp.truncate,M. acuminata ssp. errans,M. acuminata ssp.zebrina,M. acuminata ssp. halabanensis和M. acuminata var. chinensis等[5]。研究栽培香蕉的遺傳與起源的關系,就需要找出栽培蕉的原始父母本。香蕉具有特殊的遺傳方式,即葉綠體母本遺傳和線粒體父本遺傳[6],這種遺傳方式為我們尋找香蕉栽培種的原始父母本,探索香蕉雜交發生的地點,以及建立香蕉栽培種的系譜提供了可能。……