摘 要:為了建立草莓品種指紋圖譜數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),從而對(duì)不同草莓品種進(jìn)行分子鑒定,以早光、因都卡、達(dá)賽萊克特、森加拉等38個(gè)歐美草莓栽培品種為試材,利用8%非變性聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳進(jìn)行擴(kuò)增產(chǎn)物檢測(cè)。通過(guò)對(duì)各種影響因素不同濃度梯度的比較,得出優(yōu)化的SSR擴(kuò)增反應(yīng)體系,25 μL PCR的反應(yīng)體系中各成分為:1×Buffer;2.5 mmol·L-1 MgCl2;0.4 μmol·L-1 引物;1.5 U Taq酶;0.2 mmol·L-1 dNTP;60 ng DNA。從44對(duì)引物中篩選出帶型清晰、多態(tài)性豐富的10條SSR引物。最終確定了4對(duì)SSR引物作為核心引物對(duì)38個(gè)草莓品種進(jìn)行了分子圖譜的構(gòu)建,29個(gè)草莓品種可以完全與其他品種區(qū)分開(kāi)。
關(guān)鍵詞: 草莓; 指紋圖譜; 分子標(biāo)記; SSR
中圖分類號(hào):S668.4 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1009-9980?穴2011?雪06-1032-06
Establishment of SSR fingerprinting database for 38 cultivars of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) native to Europe and America
WANG Zhuang-wei,ZHAO Mi-zhen, YUAN Ji,WU Wei-min, QIAN Ya-ming
(Institute of Horticulture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014 China)
Abstract: The total DNA of 38 strawberry cultivars originating in Europe and America ,such as Earliglow, Induka, Darselect ,Senga, Litessa, were amplified by 44 pairs of SSR primers. The PCR products were separated in 8% polyacrylamide sequencing gels. Some factors which affected amplified products,such as dNTPs,Taq DNA polymerase,primer and so on were also studied. Optimum condition was as follows:25 μL PCR reaction system consisted of 1×PCR Buffer, 2.5 mmol·L-1 MgCl2, 0.4 μmol primer, 0.2 mmol dNTP, 1.5 U Taq polymerase and 60 ng DNA. The amplification conditions were 94 ℃ for 1 min,35 cycles of 94 ℃ for 30 s,annealing temperature for 30 s ,72 ℃ for 30 s and a final extension step at 72 ℃ for 7 min. Ten pairs of primers which could amplify stable and distinct band were selected. The electrophoresis results of the 38 strawberry DNA samples were evaluated and analyzed. Eventually, 29 cultivars could be distinguished by the fingerprint map constructed by only 4 pairs of SSR primers.
Key words: Strawberry; Fingerprinting; Molecular marker; SSR
草莓在世界上廣泛種植,是重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)果樹(shù)。全世界草莓屬約20個(gè)種,2 000多個(gè)品種。草莓通過(guò)匍匐莖營(yíng)養(yǎng)繁殖,容易造成種質(zhì)資源圃或育苗地品種混雜。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),人們主要根據(jù)形態(tài)特征來(lái)鑒定區(qū)分草莓品種。草莓育種往往集中利用少數(shù)優(yōu)良親本,遺傳基礎(chǔ)狹窄,栽培草莓多為八倍體,眾多農(nóng)藝性狀為數(shù)量性狀,且草莓的植物學(xué)性狀易受環(huán)境、栽培、氣候等影響,傳統(tǒng)的形態(tài)學(xué)方法常常難以區(qū)分相近的草莓品種[1-2],品種的純度及品種權(quán)保護(hù)需要可靠的種質(zhì)鑒定方法。
近年來(lái),分子生物學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展迅速,它具有快捷、簡(jiǎn)便的特點(diǎn),極大彌補(bǔ)了傳統(tǒng)方法的缺陷,日益成為品種注冊(cè)登記、品種權(quán)保護(hù)和解決種苗糾紛的重要依據(jù),涉及到RFLP、RAPD、AFLP及SSR等不同類型的標(biāo)記[3-6]。RFLP技術(shù)多態(tài)性表現(xiàn)穩(wěn)定,但需經(jīng)酶切、DNA分子雜交、放射自顯影等過(guò)程,步驟繁瑣而費(fèi)時(shí),而且在草莓種間特別是與栽培品種關(guān)系最密切的多倍體種間RFLP多態(tài)性很低[7]。……