[摘要] 目的 觀察比較螺旋CT和普通X線用于氣道異物診斷的檢出率,探討不同影像學方法用于氣道異物的診斷價值。 方法 選擇56例氣道異物患者,均先后行普通X線和螺旋CT檢查,對其臨床資料及檢出率進行比較及統計學分析,觀察組間是否存在顯著性差異。 結果 X線檢查檢出率為73.21%(41/56),螺旋CT檢查檢出率達到100%(56/56),螺旋CT檢出率明顯高于普通X線,差異具有統計學意義(P<0.01)。 結論 螺旋CT檢查可直接顯示透明或半透明的氣道異物,診斷準確率較高,對于無法及時明確異物吸入史的患者,應作為首選診斷方法使用。
[關鍵詞] 螺旋CT;X線;氣道異物;檢出率
[中圖分類號] R544.1 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 2095-0616(2012)22-107-02
Analysis of the value for the application of spiral CT and X-ray in the diagnosis of airway foreign body
YE Sixing
Department of Radiology, the People's Hospital of Longgang District in Shenzhen City, Shenzhen 518172, China
[Abstract] Objective To observe and compare the detection rate of spiral CT and the general X-ray for the diagnosis of airway foreign body and explore the diagnosis of airway foreign body value for different imaging methods. Methods 56 cases of patients with airway foreign body were chosen. They were all taken with ordinary X-ray and spiral CT examination. The clinical data and the detection rate were taken for comparison and statistical analysis. There was or not with significant difference between the groups were observed. Results The detection rate of the X-ray examination was 73.21% (41/56), the detection rate of spiral CT was 100% (56/56), spiral CT detection rate was significantly higher than ordinary X-ray, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion Spiral CT can directly display transparent or translucent airway foreign body, with a higher diagnostic accuracy. For the patients that can not clear history of foreign body aspiration, patients should be used as the preferred diagnostic method.
[Key words] Spiral CT; X-ray; Airway foreign body; Detection rate
氣道異物是臨床常見急癥,主要見于6歲以下的兒童。該癥起病急,痛苦大,進展迅速,若不及時治療,可能造成窒息,甚至死亡等嚴重后果。X線檢查無法直接顯示透明或半透明的異物,如果凍、橡皮、水果等非金屬,只能通過間接的影響表現推測異物是否存在,以及異物所在位置,在具體病因不明的情況下,檢出率不夠理想[1]。本研究以56例氣道異物患者為研究對象,觀察和比較了螺旋CT及X線對氣道異物診斷的價值,旨在尋找一種檢出率高,簡便易行的影像學檢查方法,收到了理想的成果,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
本研究選取筆者所在醫院影像科于2010年6月~2012年3月收治的56例氣道異物住院患者,其中男33例,女23例,年齡6個月~16歲,平均(3.8±1.5)歲。其中6歲以上者8例,其中男6例,女2例,均存在明確異物吸入史;……