針對教學 系統反思 提高教學

【摘要】課堂教學是一項艱巨而復雜的活動。短短的四十五分鐘內學生究竟能否掌握新的內容？如何去掌握？掌握后能否付諸于實踐和現實生活中？這就要求我們老師課前必須認真地揣摩和構思，課后把自己的課堂教學實踐作為認識的對象而進行全面的思考和總結。

【關鍵詞】教學環節 教學互動 自主性 合作研究

【中圖分類號】G633.41 【文獻標識碼】A 【文章編號】2095-3089（2012）12-0112-02

古人云：“教然后知困，知困然后能身強也。”一堂課是否真正成功，除了老師課前精心備課，課中教案的順利實施之外，在課外還應該總結，思考授課結果是否有效，善于反思學生在學習中出現的障礙。我覺得，只有認真及時地總結教學中的得與失，我們才能有針對性的改進教學，提高學生的成績。

以幾年前所教的模塊四第一單元的教學設計為例，我對當時教學設計中精心設計的教學環節，尤其是對以前教學方式進行的改進，通過設計教學反饋，如果重新上這節課，該怎么上？還會有什么其它的創新？以下是我的一點總結和反思：

一、學情分析

學生整體語言素質一般，大多數學生不能流利、連貫地表達清楚自己的意思；但在這堂課中，學生并不是被動地接受知識和從事教學活動，主要應有以下幾種類型：個體活動（ individual work ），同桌活動（ pair work ）；小組活動（ group work ）。如果說全班活動中學生能積極參與課堂活動，在同桌活動和小組活動時，學生能表現的更多是生生互動、主動交流，他們思維活躍，發言踴躍的話，就已經達到了教學目的。

二、教學流程反思

Step1 Lead in

1.Through PPT， I can guide students to look at some commercial ads and public service ads

反思：1）本單元的主要話題是廣告。通過觀看有關肯德基，百事可樂和禁毒的廣告視頻，把生活案例用于教學中，調動了學生英語學習的積極性。先從視覺了解商業廣告( CAs)和公益廣告( PSAs)的區別。

2）課后覺得兩則商業廣告可以刪掉一個。要進行適當取舍和整理。課前也可以讓學生先準備一些相關的廣告在課堂上進行交流，給學生提供自主的機會。

2．Actually persuasive language is equally important in advertising. The followings are some well?鄄known slogans(廣告詞). Guess what they sell.

a. Good to the last drop.

b. The taste is great.

c. Anything is possible

d. Just do it.

e. No business too small， no problem too big.

反思：在這一環節，學生顯示出極大的興趣，個個躍躍欲試。這使我感覺到興趣是入門的向導，是智力之母。能把知識和生活中的所見所聞聯系在一起，這才能達到教學的效果。使教學形式從重教轉為重學，使學生從苦學變成樂學，真正體現了以人為本的教學初衷。唯一不足的是，由于時間有限，不然還可以讓學生自創一些英文廣告語，或可把這項作為課后練習。

Step 2 Discussion

1.Look at another two ads. Compare them with the above ads.

2.Conclude what an advertisement is a good way to make us think about problems in society or about people who need help.

3.Introduce two types of advertisements—CAs and PSAs.

4.Tell the differences between CAs and PSAs

反思：1）通過類比，可以清晰了解CA和PSA之間的差異。

2）以小組的形式進行討論、交流與合作，并選一名代表進行書寫記錄，最后讀給全班聽，老師指導：What will you do? How will you prepare for?

3） 有些學生的討論流于形式，起不到應用的效果

4）簡化不必要的過程。

Step 3 Reading

1.Fast reading

Go through the whole article. After Ss finish reading， T then go on asking some questions about the passage.

2.Discuss the structure of this article。

反思：1) 由于之前的教學已通過導入和討論的形式涉及了文章的內容，所以學生閱讀起來時很輕松。

2)增加一個環節：讓學生用自己的語言整理出CA和PSA的定義或區別。

CAs are to promote a product or service. They do not tell you the complete truth. They are benefit?鄄oriented and charged. What?蒺s more， the reliance is low.

PSAs are to educate people about health， safety or any other issue which affects public welfare. They are helpful.

3.Careful reading

Read the text again and choose four questions from Part C to answer.

反思：當時考慮到Part C的問題較多，故選擇了一些題目來做。看似備課過程中進行了有目的行的篩選，但沒有創新。不妨換一種判斷對錯的形式來梳理文章的內容。如下：

Read the following sentences and decide whether the statements in the following is true or 1.

① Advertisements are found in many places.

② PSAs are only found in newspapers.

③ All advertisements tell the complete truth.

④ PSAs and commercial ads use some of the same methods.

⑤ Commercial ads can often give us valuable information about how to live our lives.

⑥ An ad warning people against smoking is an example of a PSA.

(1 T 2F 3F 4T 5F 6T)

Step 4 Work Pairs

From the poster， what do you think the purpose of Project Hope is?

三、教學案的修改篇

Step1 Lead in

1.Through videos， look at some commercial ads and public service ads。（有所刪減）

2．Actually persuasive language is equally important in advertising. The followings are some well?鄄known slogans(廣告詞). Guess what they sell.

a. Good to the last drop. b. The taste is great.

c. Anything is possible. d. Just do it.

e. No business too small， no problem too big.

Step 2 Discussion

1.Look at another two ads. Compare them with the above ads.

2.Conclude what an advertisement is.

3.Tell the differences between CAs and PSAs.

Step 3 Reading

1.Fast reading

Go through the whole article. After Ss finish reading， T then go on asking some questions about the passage.

2.Discuss the structure of this article.

3.Make a definition about CAs and PSAs （增加環節）

1）CAs are to promote a product or service. They do not tell you the complete truth. They are benefit?鄄oriented and charged. What?蒺s more， the reliance is low.

2）PSAs are to educate people about health， safety or any other issue which affects public welfare. They are helpful.

4.Careful reading（形式替換）

Read the following sentences and decide whether the statements in the following is true or 1.

① Advertisements are found in many places.

② PSAs are only found in newspapers.

③ All advertisements tell the complete truth.

④ PSAs and commercial ads use some of the same methods.

⑤Commercial ads can often give us valuable information about how to live our lives.

⑥An ad warning people against smoking is an example of a PSA.

Step 4 Work Pairs

1.From the poster， what do you think the purpose of Project Hope is?

2.Watch some PSAs for education. ( 增加教育環節)

Step 5 Homework

四、 反思總結

1.值得改進之處

1）時間觀念

2）PPT制作動畫過多，容易分散學生的注意力。

3）英語作為語言，它的教學就是一種彼此敞開心扉，相互接納的對話過程，是離不開情感交流的。這一環節尤為重要。

2.建議

1）體現自主性

2）展現合作性

我相信只要我們在教學過程中多加反思，多查閱資料，多交流討論，定能做到在教學中創新，全面的開發學生的潛能。這樣就能使學生在教師的引導下學會思考、學會分析問題，在以后碰到類似的問題時，能夠自行解決。而且這種形式也能真正發揮學生的主體作用、教師的主導作用。師生交流合作，共同達到問題解決的目的。