例談高考英語單項填空的解題技巧

【摘 要】近年的高考英語題中，單選題較注重基礎知識的考查，如果在解題過程中，重視標點符號的作用，尤其是含有逗號的句式的使用，那么將會起到事半功倍的效果。

【關鍵詞】高考英語 單項填空 解題技巧

【中圖分類號】G632 【文獻標識碼】A 【文章編號】1674-4810（2013）19-0090-02

一 主句，+非限制性定語從句

主句，+who/whom/whose…/when/which/as/where/prep.+which（無that）。

（1）Some pre-school children go to a daycare center，____they learn simple games and songs.

A.then B.there C.while D.where

（2）His movie won several awards at the film festival，____ was beyond his wildest dream.

A.which B.that C.where D.it

（3）We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people，most of ____ are healthy.

A.that B.which C.what D.whom

（4）Eric received training in computer for one year，_____ he found a job in a big company.

A.after that B.after which

C.after it D.after this

二 狀語從句，+主句，+狀語從句

狀語從句的類型：（1）時間狀語從句：After/When/As soon as/Before…；（2）原因狀語從句：Because/As/Since…；（3）條件狀語從句：If/Unless/As long as…；（4）讓步狀語從句：Although/Though/As/While/Whenever/Wherever/However…

（1）I won’t call you，____ something unexpected happens.

A.unless B.whether C.because D.while

（2）_____ I really don’t like art，I find his work impressive.

A.as B.Since C.If D.While

（while引導讓步狀語從句=although）

三 分句，and/or/but/yet/for+分句（即并列句）

（1）He found it increasingly difficult to read，_____ his eyesight was beginning to fail.

A.and B.for C.but D.or

（2）I grow up in Africa，____ at least I should say that I spent much of the first ten years of my life there.

A.and B.or C.so D.but

（or用于引出解釋性詞語或“換言之”并列連詞）

四 主句，伴隨狀語/伴隨狀態的獨立分詞結構

1.主句，名詞+現在分詞

——Come on，please give me some ideas about the project.

——Sorry. With so much work ____ my mind，I almost break down.

A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled

分析：so much work與fill之間是主動關系，故選B。

2.主句，名詞+過去分詞

The children went home from the grammar school，their lessons____ for the day.

A.finishing B.finished

C.had finished D.went finished

此結構中邏輯主語lessons與邏輯謂語finish之間為被動關系，故選B。

3.主句，形容詞/形容詞詞組

（1）After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，____.

A.exhausting B.exhausted

C.being exhausted D.having exhausted

exhausted是形容詞，做伴隨狀語。

（2）Surprised and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize.

4.主句，名詞詞組+形容詞詞組

She looked at me，her eyes were full of doubt.

5.主句，名詞+介詞短語

He stood there，with a book in his hand/in hand.

五 非謂語動詞（狀語），句子主干

（1）____ by a great demand for vegetables，farmers have built more green houses.

A.Driven B.Being driven

C.To drive D.Having driven

（2）____this cake，you’ll need 2 eggs，175g sugar and 175g flour.

A.Having made B.Make

C.To make D.Making

分析：to make 表示要做這種蛋糕，表目的，故選C。

（3）The storm left，____ a lot of damage to this area.

A.caused B.to have caused

C.to cause D.having caused

六 句子主干，同位語

My most famous relative of all，the one who really left his mark on America，was Reb Sussel，my great-grandfather.

七 獨立主格結構（評注性狀語），句子主干

______，some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.

A.Strangely enough B.Enough strangely

C.Strange enough D.Enough strange

八 否定句，+nor/neither+助動詞+主語

（1）If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party，____.

A.he will either B.neither will he

C.he neither will D.either he will

（2）Mary never does any reading in the evening，____.

A.so does John B.John does too

C.John doesn’t too D.nor does John

九 插入語（省略句）

（1）We all know that，____，the situation will get worse.

A.not if dealt carefully with

B.if not carefully dealt with

C.if dealt not carefully with

D.not if carefully dealt with

（2）Though he started late，Mr. Guo played the piano as well as，if____，Miss Liu.

A.not better than B.not better

C.no better than D.no better

說明：（1）斜體字為答案。（2）盡管逗號成為解題的關鍵，為我們快速解題提供了線索，但如何做出合理的判斷，首先要做到在了解具體語境的前提下，熟練掌握各種語法現象，然后才能又快又準地做出選擇。（3）在含有逗號的句子中，如果不是并列句，通常不與and連用。

〔責任編輯：龐遠燕〕