摘 "要:乳酸閾能夠客觀準確地反映出運動員的有氧工作能力,因此在運動訓練活動中廣為教練員和運動所采納用以評定運動員的有氧工作能力。將乳酸閾應用于速度滑冰的運動訓練當中,對個體乳酸閾值在速度滑冰訓練中應用進行評定,并分別對運動員有氧工作能力、有氧和無氧耐力訓練強度都進行了評定。提出實例來說明速滑專項耐力素質訓練中利用乳酸閾訓練提高速滑有氧耐力素質和速度耐力素質訓練的方法和達到的效果,使乳酸閾訓練方法更加有效地指導運動員的冬夏季各項訓練,為提高速滑運動員專項耐力素質以取得優異的比賽成績提供理論依據。
關鍵詞:乳酸閾 ;速度滑冰;運動訓練;應用
中圖分類號:G862.1 " " " " " "文獻標識碼:A " " " " " "文章編號:1002–3488(2014)06–0001–04
Application of the Lactic Acid Threshold Method in the Training of Speed Skaters' Endurance Quality
SAI Na
(Competitive Athletic Sports School of Shenyang Sport Unviersity, Shenyang 110102, China)
Abstract: The Lactic acid threshold (LT) can accurately and objectively reports the athletes' aerobic capacity, so it's widely used by the coaches and athletes for evaluating the athletes' aerobic capacity in the athletic training. By using the LT in the speed skaters' training, the paper has the evaluation of the index of individual LT, the skaters' aerobic capacity, their training intensity of aerobic and anaerobic endurance. As a theoretic reference for the skaters to get better competitive achievement by improving the specialized endurance quality, it gives examples to show the effect of LT method on enhancing their aerobic and anaerobic endurance quality, and to apply the LT method to more effectively guide the various training in winter and summer.
Key words: Lactic acid threshold (LT); "speed skating; athletic training; apply
1 " "引言
在漸增負荷運動中,血液內的血乳酸濃度會隨著運動強度的增大而增加,當運動強度達到某一負荷時,血乳酸出現急劇增加的那一點稱為“乳酸閾”Lactate threshold (LT)。這一點所對應的運動強度為乳酸強度。它反映了機體內的代謝方式有氧代謝為主過渡到以無氧代謝為主的臨界點或轉折點。乳酸閾值能夠客觀準確地反映出運動員的訓練水平和所能承受的運動負荷,因此在運動訓練中廣為教練員和運動員所采納用來評定運動員承受負荷的能力和機體的機能狀況[1]。利用乳酸閾值來調控運動強度的訓練方法稱為乳酸閾“訓練法”,在國內外的許多運動訓練中教練員都采用……