滑雪旅游目的地競爭力評價指標體系研究

摘 "要：提升滑雪旅游目的地的競爭力，解釋滑雪旅游目的地競爭力的強弱，有利于促進滑雪旅游產業的快速、健康發展。采用文獻資料分析法、德爾菲法、層次分析法等研究方法，以滑雪旅游目的地競爭力評價指標體系為研究內容，構建了由5個二級指標、12個三級指標和46個四級指標的滑雪旅游目的地競爭力評價指標體系和綜合評價方法。認為滑雪旅游目的地吸引物在滑雪旅游目的地競爭力構成要素中占有最重要的地位;滑雪旅游目的地設施是提高滑雪旅游目的地競爭力的必要因素;滑雪旅游管理是提高滑雪旅游目的地競爭力的核心力量;“環境支持力”是滑雪旅游目的地競爭力最基本的保障因素;限制性與放大因素是保持滑雪旅游目的地旺盛生命力的基礎，為我國滑雪旅游目的地的長遠發展提供幫助。

關鍵詞：滑雪旅游;目的地;競爭力;評價指標

中圖分類號：G80-05 " " " " " "文獻標識碼：A " " " " " "文章編號：1002–3488（2014）06–0055–09

Study on the Competitive Ability Evaluating Indicator System of Skiing Tourism Destination

ZHANG SHou-xin

（Physical Educational School of Harbin University of Commerce， Harbin 150028， China）

Abstract： Improving the competitive ability of skiing tourism destination， explaining the competitiveness of skiing tourism destination， helps promote the quick and healthy development of skiing tourism industry. Using the methods of literature， Delphi method， analytic hierarchy process and other research methods， the competitive ability evaluating indicator system of skiing tourism destination as research contents， construct the competitive ability evaluating indicator system of skiing tourism destination which consists of five 2 class index， twelve 3 class index and forty-six 4 class index and comprehensive evaluating method. Considering that the attractions of skiing tourism destination plays an important role in the components of competitive ability; The facilities of skiing tourism destination is the key factor to improve the competitive ability of skiing tourism destination; Skiing tourism management is the core strength to improve the competitive ability of skiing tourism destination; “Environmental support” is the basic security factor of the competitive ability of skiing tourism destination; Restriction and enlargement factor is the base for keeping the exuberant vitality of skiing tourism destination， provide help for the long-term development of Chinese skiing tourism destination.

Key words： skiing tourism; destination; competitive ability; evaluating indicator

滑雪旅游作為大眾喜愛的冬季休閑娛樂項目近年來在我國得到了迅猛的發展，成為地方經濟發展的重要動力和新的經濟增長點。截止到2013年，全國有30多個城市將滑雪作為旅游主力品牌進行推介[1]，20幾個省市建設有規模不等的滑雪場接近300家，擁有近 200 個較大的滑雪旅游地[2]，北京、上海、紹興、深圳等地還建有室內滑雪館[3]。滑雪場的迅速增長使得滑雪旅游目的地競爭也日趨劇烈，由于缺乏正面引導，加之滑雪旅游管理欠規范，導致了滑雪……