吳江海
摘要:最近幾年,節能網絡的觀念迅速傳播并獲得了越來越多的關注。 一方面,節能網絡能夠在一定程度上緩解日益嚴峻的環境惡化問題,另一方面由于互聯網消耗著數量巨大的能量并有迅速增長的趨勢,節能網絡可以為電信商和因特網服務提供商(ISP)帶來巨大的經濟效益。網絡節能的通常做法是將網絡中的路由器和鏈路休眠,但這種做法明顯會降低網絡性能。該文試圖從整個網絡拓撲層面考慮網絡節能問題,提出了在保證網絡性能滿足限定閾值條件的情況下的最優化網絡節能拓撲控制模型。針對這個模型,該文提出了一種啟發式算法,試圖在保證一定網絡性能的條件下休眠網絡節點和鏈路最小化網絡能耗。通過網絡模擬實驗證明了該方法可以在保證一定網絡Qos的情況下有效地降低網絡耗能。
關鍵詞:節能網絡;互聯網;網絡拓撲;網絡性能
中圖分類號:TP393.02 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1009-3044(2014)32-7820-05
Abstract: Recently, the concept of energy-saving networking has been widely propagated and gaining an increasing amount of concern. On one hand, energy-efficient networking can alleviate the increasingly serious problem of environment pollution to some extent. On the other hand, energy-saving networking can provide Telecom and ISP huge economic benefits for the current Internet consumes a great amount of energy every year and this trend is becoming increasingly significant. The general method of energy-saving networking is to put some routes and links to sleep mode. However, this strategy will undermine the performance of networks evidently. In this paper, the energy saving of networks is considered on the whole network class and an optimal network topology model for energy savings with some constraints of network performance is proposed. A heuristic algorithm is proposed which is aimed at minimizing the network energy consumption with some Qos constraints by turning off network nodes and links. The simulation experiments demonstrate this strategy can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the network while the Qos is guaranteed to some extent.
Key words: energy-saving networking; Internet; network topology; network performance
1 概述
能量問題是制約無線網絡生命期的一個重要因素,因此關于無線網絡的節能問題從很早開始就已經有大量的研究[1-4],而有線網的節能問題直到近些年來才受到學術和工業界的關注。近些年來,隨著互聯網的迅猛發展,有線網的耗能也迅速增長。現在,互聯網耗能已經占到總耗能的1%,在未來這一數字將會增長到4%[5]。即使能夠節約一小部分的網絡耗能,也能夠帶來巨大的經濟效益,并減少大量的二氧化碳排放量。
文獻[6]最早提出了互聯網節能的問題,它提出可以使路由器或交換機等網絡設備在網絡空閑情況下進行休眠,以達到一定節能效果,并通過網絡中路由器流量的統計規律,證明了這種方法的可行性。……