一種有線網(wǎng)絡(luò)中高效節(jié)能的拓?fù)淇刂茩C(jī)制

吳江海

摘要：最近幾年，節(jié)能網(wǎng)絡(luò)的觀念迅速傳播并獲得了越來越多的關(guān)注。 一方面，節(jié)能網(wǎng)絡(luò)能夠在一定程度上緩解日益嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)境惡化問題，另一方面由于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)消耗著數(shù)量巨大的能量并有迅速增長的趨勢，節(jié)能網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以為電信商和因特網(wǎng)服務(wù)提供商（ISP）帶來巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)能的通常做法是將網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的路由器和鏈路休眠，但這種做法明顯會(huì)降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。該文試圖從整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)鋵用婵紤]網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)能問題，提出了在保證網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能滿足限定閾值條件的情況下的最優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)能拓?fù)淇刂颇Ｐ汀ａ槍?duì)這個(gè)模型，該文提出了一種啟發(fā)式算法，試圖在保證一定網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的條件下休眠網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)和鏈路最小化網(wǎng)絡(luò)能耗。通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了該方法可以在保證一定網(wǎng)絡(luò)Qos的情況下有效地降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)耗能。

關(guān)鍵詞：節(jié)能網(wǎng)絡(luò)；互聯(lián)網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓?fù)洌痪W(wǎng)絡(luò)性能

中圖分類號(hào)：TP393.02 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1009-3044（2014）32-7820-05

Abstract： Recently， the concept of energy-saving networking has been widely propagated and gaining an increasing amount of concern. On one hand， energy-efficient networking can alleviate the increasingly serious problem of environment pollution to some extent. On the other hand， energy-saving networking can provide Telecom and ISP huge economic benefits for the current Internet consumes a great amount of energy every year and this trend is becoming increasingly significant. The general method of energy-saving networking is to put some routes and links to sleep mode. However， this strategy will undermine the performance of networks evidently. In this paper， the energy saving of networks is considered on the whole network class and an optimal network topology model for energy savings with some constraints of network performance is proposed. A heuristic algorithm is proposed which is aimed at minimizing the network energy consumption with some Qos constraints by turning off network nodes and links. The simulation experiments demonstrate this strategy can effectively reduce the energy consumption of the network while the Qos is guaranteed to some extent.

Key words： energy-saving networking； Internet； network topology； network performance

1 概述

能量問題是制約無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)生命期的一個(gè)重要因素，因此關(guān)于無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)能問題從很早開始就已經(jīng)有大量的研究[1-4]，而有線網(wǎng)的節(jié)能問題直到近些年來才受到學(xué)術(shù)和工業(yè)界的關(guān)注。近些年來，隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的迅猛發(fā)展，有線網(wǎng)的耗能也迅速增長。現(xiàn)在，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)耗能已經(jīng)占到總耗能的1%，在未來這一數(shù)字將會(huì)增長到4%[5]。即使能夠節(jié)約一小部分的網(wǎng)絡(luò)耗能，也能夠帶來巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，并減少大量的二氧化碳排放量。

文獻(xiàn)[6]最早提出了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)節(jié)能的問題，它提出可以使路由器或交換機(jī)等網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備在網(wǎng)絡(luò)空閑情況下進(jìn)行休眠，以達(dá)到一定節(jié)能效果，并通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)中路由器流量的統(tǒng)計(jì)規(guī)律，證明了這種方法的可行性。……