話題8 人際關系（Interpersonal relationships）

李錦勝

一、命題預測

人際關系包括師生關系、父子關系、同學關系、朋友關系等。命題人可能要求考生寫一封道歉信、感謝信、求助信、表揚信、安慰信，或就感恩、寬容、包容、微笑，以及如何處理人際關系或解決矛盾等寫一篇發言稿或一封信，表達自己的觀點。以下幾個具體話題值得關注：

1. 有的同學抱怨父母的期望高、作業多、壓力太大，或對生活中的其他方面感到不滿，請寫一篇短文，準備在“我們應該抱怨生活嗎”的主題班會上發表你的看法。

2. 假如你是李華，一年前你隨父母遷移到某地并進入一所當地高中就讀，由于不懂當地的方言，學習、生活很不順心，請你向某中學英文報寫一封求助信。

3. 寫一篇短文，參加“增進父母與孩子之間的理解，構建和諧家庭”的演講比賽。

4. 假如你是李華，你和朋友因為一件小事發生爭吵，經過幾天冷靜思考，覺得不應該因為一件小事而失去一個好朋友，于是決定寫一封道歉信。

5. 描寫你和你的同學是怎樣建立起友好關系的。

二、常用短語

1. quarrel with kids和孩子爭吵

2. show respect for sb.尊重某人

3. calm down first先冷靜下來

4. come to a compromise作出妥協

5. narrow the generation gap縮短代溝

6. parents unconditional love父母無私的愛

7. maintain contact with sb.與某人保持聯絡

8. be patient and considerate 要有耐心和體貼

9. listen to ones inner voice傾聽他人內心心聲

10. receive assistance from friends獲得友人的幫助

11. accept the opinions of others接受別人的意見

12. get understanding of each other互相增進了解

13. help sb. go through the hardship幫助某人度過難關

14. how to avoid arguments with others怎樣避免跟人爭吵

15. have a face-to-face talk with sb.和某人進行面對面交談

16. show ones gratitude to sb. for sth.向某人表達感激

17. have a sincere communication with sb. 和某人進行真誠的交流

18. develop harmonious interpersonal relationship建立融洽的人際關系

三、套用句式

1. When coming across challenges in our study and our daily life， we can share our opinions and experience with our friends to overcome difficulties. 當我們在學習和生活中遇到挑戰的時候， 我們可以和朋友分享克服困難的觀點和經驗。

2. As a friend， he / she should help me to through the hardship when I am in trouble. 當我有麻煩時，作為朋友，他/她應該幫助我度過難關。

3. We should encourage our friends to solve the problems independently instead of blaming them.我們應該鼓勵我們的朋友獨立地去克服困難而不是責備他們。

4. Sometimes a misunderstanding occurs between friends unavoidably. 有時朋友之間難免會有誤會。

5. We must calm down first no matter what happened. 無論發生什么事情，我們必須先冷靜下來。

6. We had better have a sincere communication with each other. 我們彼此最好進行真誠的交流。

7. We are supposed to listen attentively to each others inner voice. 我們應該專心傾聽彼此的內在心聲。

8. We should take effective measures to narrow the generation gap and come to a compromise.我們應采取有效的方法縮小代溝和作出妥協。

四、習作修改（做短文改錯，背經典范文）

Dear Jerry，

Im sorry to hear that you are getting on badly with your teacher. In your last letter you told me what had happened between us two. In a class meeting， you didnt agree with him about something， but he thought you dont respect him，so he scolded you in the front of the whole class. You felt very sadly.

I think there may be several reasons why your teacher is angry. First， you are so naughty that you have caused him many trouble. Besides，maybe the way which you raised the opinion was not so proper. So you should offer to have a talk after class with your teacher when you both calm down. Furthermore，write a message to him is also a good way. Last but not least，please behave yourself in future but make a good impression.

Hope that my advices will be of a little help.

Yours，

Li Hua

五、課堂練習

假如你是李華，下面是一封你的英國筆友Alice給你發來的E-mail。

Dear Li Hua，

Im afraid Ive got a big problem recently. My mother talks too much to me. She always tells me，“Be careful while crossing the street.”“Put on more clothes.”“Did you do a good job at school？” and so on. Im annoyed. Whats worse，I have trouble in getting well with my mother because of a generation gap. She is very eager to pass on her values and interests to me，which is unbearable for me.

What shall I do？ I need your help.

Yours，

Alice

請你根據E-mail 的內容給Alice寫一封回信，與她交流看法。內容包括：

1. 表示理解并給予安慰。

2. 提出建議并說明理由。

注意：1. 詞數100左右。

2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

3. 開頭語已為你寫好。

Dear Peter，

Im sorry to hear that you are having a bad time at the moment...

…

I hope what I say here will be helpful to you.

Yours faithfully，

Li Hua

[寫作指導]

1. 審題。（1）體裁：寫一封建議信；（2）題材：母親的嘮叨；（3）時態：以一般現在時為主；（4）人稱：以第一人稱和第二人稱為主。

2. 分段。一個大要點寫成一個自然段。

開頭段：問候 / 自我介紹 / 寫信背景 / 寫信目的。

中間段：具體要點具體展開。

結尾段：補充說明 / 客套話（如我希望/我相信/感謝你/請回信等）。

3. 內容。

（1）建立良好的人際關系，有share，help，encourage三個核心動詞，可簡稱為SHE；（2）發生分歧矛盾時，須牢記calm down（冷靜），talk（交流溝通），listen（傾聽心聲）三個核心動詞，可簡記為TCL。

六、課外作業

假設你校將舉辦一次英文演講比賽，題目為“How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship”。請結合以下要點，寫一篇英文演講稿：

1. 如何建立良好的友誼關系（列舉三條建議）。

2. 朋友間出現分歧如何解決。

注意：1. 詞數100左右。

2. 可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。

3. 開頭語已為你寫好。

How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship

Good afternoon，everyone！

The topic of my speech today is “How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship”.

…

Thank you for your listening！

參考答案與范文

四、習作修改

作者的朋友在一節班會課上與老師發生不愉快的事，作者寫信給予安慰與建議。

1. us→you 指代不一致，此處為“你們”。

2. dont→didnt 一般過去時助動詞是did。

3. 刪掉in the front中的the因in the front of為內部的前面。

4. sadly→sad 系動詞后用形容詞做表語。

5. is→was 時態不一致，“老師生氣”發生在過去。

6. many→much 因trouble為不可數名詞，要用much修飾。

7. 在the way后加in 因定語從句缺狀語用“介詞+關系代詞”引導。

8. write→writing 動名詞做主語。

9. but→and 此處為并列關系。

10. advices→advice 不可數名詞，沒有復數。

五、課堂練習

Dear Peter，

Im sorry to hear that you are having a bad time at the moment. I can understand how you feel. As a teenager，I met the same problem as you. But now I can get along better with my mother. Here are some ideas for you.

Even though a generation gap does exist between you and your mother，you still can do something to build a good relationship with her. First of all， you should calm down first and show respect for her no matter what she said. In most cases， what she says does make sense. Secondly， try to have a face-to-face talk and sincere communication with each other，which can get a better understanding of each other. Last but not least，listen attentively to each others inner voice，and even take effective measures to narrow the generation gap.

I hope what I say here will be helpful to you.

Yours faithfully，

Li Hua

六、課外作業

How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship

Good afternoon，everyone！

The topic of my speech today is“How Should We Build Good Interpersonal Relationship”.

It goes without saying that friendship is of great significance to each of us. Without friendship，our life will be like a wild desert. So we should keep the following tips in mind when we get along with our friends. First of all，when coming across challenges，we can share our experience with our friends to overcome difficulties. Additionally，as friends，we should help each other go through the hardship when in trouble. Finally，we should encourage our friends to solve the problems independently instead of blaming them.

Sometimes a misunderstanding occurs between friends unavoidably. Firstly，we must calm down first no matter what happens. Moreover，wed better have a face-to-face talk with each other. Last but not least，we are supposed to listen attentively to each others inner voice.

Thank you for your listening！

（作者單位：廣東汕頭市潮南區曉升中學）

責任編輯 蔣小青