楊菁 倪媛 孫偉
【摘要】正常的甲狀腺功能有利于維持女性生殖系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定。臨床上常見的甲狀腺功能亢進、甲狀腺功能減退及自身免疫性甲狀腺疾病等,均干擾了女性正常的卵巢功能,并影響體內(nèi)的性激素水平,從而引發(fā)女性月經(jīng)紊亂、排卵異常、不孕,甚至是對自然妊娠和輔助生殖技術(shù)的妊娠結(jié)局均產(chǎn)生不良影響。因此,完善育齡期婦女甲狀腺功能的篩查,并深入甲狀腺功能與女性生殖功能關(guān)聯(lián)的研究,具有重要的臨床意義。
【關(guān)鍵詞】甲狀腺激素;甲狀腺疾病;甲狀腺自身抗體;妊娠;不孕
Research advances of the relationship between thyroid function and female reproductionYANG Jing1, NI Yuan1, SUN Wei2△. 1.Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, China; 2.Reproductive Medical Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, Shandong, China
【Abstract】Normal thyroid function can maintain the stability of the female reproductive system. Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disease are common thyroid dysfunction diseases, which affect the normal ovarian function and the sex hormone levels. Thyroid dysfunction can cause menstrual disorders, ovulation disorders, infertility, and even adversely affect pregnancy outcomes of natural pregnancy and assisted reproductive technology. It is therefore advisable to screen the thyroid function in childbearing age women. Furthermore, it is significant that more research is needed to understand the relationship between thyroid and female reproductive function.
【Key words】Thyroid hormone; Thyroid disease; Thyroid autoantibodies; Pregnancy; Infertility
【中圖分類號】R71;R581【文獻標(biāo)志碼】A
甲狀腺作為調(diào)節(jié)機體代謝的重要內(nèi)分泌器官之一,其分泌的甲狀腺激素(thyroid hormone,TH)不僅僅在機體能量代謝、生長發(fā)育等方面發(fā)揮作用,更是與女性生殖功能息息相關(guān)。適量的甲狀腺激素有利于維系下丘腦-垂體-卵巢軸的穩(wěn)定,甲狀腺功能紊亂則會影響性激素的分泌以及女性性腺即卵巢的功能,從而進一步發(fā)展為月經(jīng)紊亂、排卵障礙、卵巢功能減退、不孕以及妊娠并發(fā)癥等。臨床上所出現(xiàn)的甲狀腺功能亢進、甲狀腺功能減退及自身免疫性甲狀腺疾病等均屬于甲狀腺功能紊亂,上述疾病的發(fā)生均會對女性生育功能產(chǎn)生不良影響。
1甲狀腺激素與卵巢功能
甲狀腺是人體最大的內(nèi)分泌腺,分泌的具有生物活性TH為兩種,分別為甲狀腺素(四碘甲腺原氨酸,T4)和三碘甲腺原氨酸(T3)。兩者具有共同調(diào)控體內(nèi)新陳代謝、生長速率等功能。……