循證護理聯合健康教育對老年突發性耳聾患者焦慮抑郁情緒的影響

鄭秀珍+林曉江

[摘要] 目的 探討循證護理聯合健康教育對老年突發性耳聾患者焦慮、抑郁情緒的影響。 方法 收集我院2015年3月～2016年5月來診的老年突發性耳聾患者94例的病例資料，隨機分為對照組和觀察組，各47例，對照組采用常規護理；觀察組采用循證護理聯合健康教育，1個月為1個療程，干預前后評定漢密爾頓焦慮量表（HAMA）評分、漢密爾頓抑郁量表（HAMD）評分及SF-36健康調查簡表評分，同時比較兩組間臨床護理效果及護理滿意度，記錄干預期間不良反應狀況。 結果 對照組有效率為72.34%（34/47），觀察組有效率為89.36%（42/47），觀察組高于對照組（P<0.05）；對照組滿意率為65.96%（31/47），觀察組滿意率為85.11%（40/47），觀察組高于對照組（P<0.05）；與干預前比較，兩組干預后HAMA評分、HAMD評分降低，SF-36評分升高（P<0.05）；與對照組比較，觀察組干預后HAMA評分、HAMD評分較低，SF-36評分較高（P<0.05）；對照組不良反應發生率8.51%（4/47），觀察組不良反應發生率10.64%（5/47），兩組間不良反應發生率比較，差異無統計學意義（P>0.05）。 結論 循證護理聯合健康教育對突發性耳聾老年患者的護理效果顯著，可以改善焦慮、抑郁等不良情緒，提高生活質量和護理滿意度，值得臨床上廣泛推廣。

[關鍵詞] 循證護理；健康教育；老年；突發性耳聾；焦慮；抑郁

[中圖分類號] R764.43 [文獻標識碼] B [文章編號] 1673-9701（2017）08-0161-04

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of evidence-based nursing combined with health education on anxiety and depression in the elderly patients with sudden deafness. Methods Medical data of 94 patients with sudden deafness who were diagnosed in our hospital from March 2015 to May 2016 were collected. They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group， with 47 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care； the observation group was given evidence-based nursing combined with health education. One month was for a course of treatment. The Hamilton anxiety scale（HAMA）， Hamilton depression scale （HAMD）and SF-36 health survey were scored before and after the intervention. At the same time， the clinical nursing effect and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. The adverse reactions were recorded during the intervention. Results The effective rate was 72.34% （34/47） in the control group and 89.36% （42/47） in the observation group. The observation group was higher than the control group （P<0.05）； the satisfaction rate was 65.96% （31/47） in the control group and 85.11% （40/47） in the observation group. The observation group was higher than the control group（P<0.05）； HAMA score and HAMD score were decreased and SF-36 score was increased after the intervention compared with those before the intervention （P<0.05）； compared with the control group， the HAMA score and HAMD score were lower and SF-36 score was higher in the observation group after the intervention（P<0.05）； the incidence of adverse reactions was 8.51%（4/47） in the control group and 10.64% （5/47） in the observation group. The difference was no statistically significant in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion Evidence-based nursing combined with health education has a significant effect on nursing care in the elderly patients with sudden deafness， which can improve the anxiety and depression， improve the quality of life and nursing satisfaction， which is worthy of clinical popularization.