崔丹,宋巖,馬秀嵐
(中國醫科大學附屬盛京醫院耳鼻咽喉科,沈陽 110004)
1 045例新生兒聽力篩查結果分析
崔丹,宋巖,馬秀嵐
(中國醫科大學附屬盛京醫院耳鼻咽喉科,沈陽 110004)
目的應用相同測試方法,探討相同測試狀態下新生兒聽力篩查結果的相關影響因素。方法隨機選取2014年1月至6月于我院產科出生的母嬰同室新生兒1 045例,應用ACCUSCREEN型耳聲發射儀在出生后2 d進行聽力篩查,記錄篩查結果和新生兒出生時相關數據,包括胎數、出生體質量、孕周、耳別、性別和分娩方式,應用SPSS 19.0統計軟件進行統計學分析。結果1 045例新生兒中,860例新生兒聽力篩查通過,185例新生兒聽力篩查未通過,通過率為82.3%。胎數、出生體質量、孕周、耳別與瞬態誘發耳聲發射(TEOAE)通過率之間存在統計學差異,足月產新生兒通過率高于早產新生兒(P < 0.001),體質量較大的新生兒通過率高于低體質量新生兒(P = 0.003),右耳通過率高于左耳通過率(P < 0.001),單胎通過率高于多胎通過率(P < 0.001),而不同性別(P = 0.361)、不同分娩方式(P = 0.892)的TEOAE通過率無統計學差異。結論胎數、出生體質量、孕周、耳別影響新生兒聽力初篩通過率,性別和分娩方式對聽力篩查結果無明顯影響。
新生兒聽力篩查; 瞬態誘發耳聲發射
Abstract ObjectiveTo evaluate factors influencing pass rates for newborn hearing screening under the same test conditions and using the same test methods.MethodsNewborn hearing screening was carried out in 1 045 randomly selected newborns in Shengjing Hospital from January to June 2014. The newborns were screened at 2 days of age using transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE). Related factors,including the number of embryos,birth weight,gestational age,gender,and mode of delivery were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 software.ResultsOf 1 045 newborns,860 (82.3%) passed the hearing screening test and 185 failed. The number of embryos,ear-side tested,gestational age,and birth weight significantly influenced the pass rate using TEOAE. Term infants had a higher pass rate than premature ones (P < 0.001). Heavier infants were more likely to pass (P = 0.003). Right ears had a higher pass rate than left ears (P < 0.001). Single babies had a higher pass rate than twins (P < 0.001). Gender (P = 0.361) and delivery mode (P = 0.892) did not affect the pass rate.ConclusionThe number of embryos,birth weight,gestational age,and ear-side tested affect newborn hearing screening results,but gender and mode of delivery show no significant effects on screening.
Keywordsnewborn; hearing screening; tensiently evoked otoacoustic emission
為了早期發現和診斷新生兒先天性聽力障礙,我國現推廣普遍的新生兒聽力篩查[1],基本步驟分為初篩和復篩2個階段。在新生兒出生后3 d進行初篩,未通過者42 d返回醫院復篩,仍未通過者在出生3個月內再次復篩。對多次篩查不通過的嬰兒進行全面的聽力學檢查,包括畸變產物耳聲發射、聲導抗測聽、聽性腦干反應、穩態聽覺誘發電位,對診斷患有聽力障礙的患兒進行康復指導和干預。……