尹鵬
摘 要:冷泡茶不僅具有傳統(tǒng)茶飲的固有優(yōu)勢,還兼?zhèn)浞奖泔嬃系谋憷裕钍芟M者喜愛。綜述了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對冷泡茶的研究,比較其加工方法,包括物理方法、化學(xué)方法和生物方法,介紹了其沖泡方法,品質(zhì)和保健功能,并對冷泡茶的研究提出了擴(kuò)大茶品范圍、著重研究沖泡工藝、冷水沖泡型茶葉加工工藝和進(jìn)一步探討其保健功能等4個方面的展望。
關(guān)鍵詞:冷泡茶;加工方法;抗氧化;糖尿病;綜述
中圖分類號:Q945.78 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A 文章編號:1006-060X(2017)01-0115-04
Abstract:The cold-brewing tea not only has advantage of drinking tea in the traditional way but also the convenience of ready-to-drink beverages, so it has been become more and more popular among consumers. The paper summarized the research of domestic and foreign scholars on cold-brewing tea, such as the processing methods,including physical method, chemical method and biological method, introduced the brewing method, quality and the functions of health protection, moreover, in order to provide scientific basis for the development and promotion of cold tea, four aspects were proposed, including expand the scope of tea, study on brewing technology, processing technology of cold water brewing tea and further explore its function of health protection.
Key words:cold-brewing tea; processing method; antioxidant; diabetes mellitus; review
茶葉的飲用方法伴隨茶產(chǎn)品的工藝及形態(tài)等變革經(jīng)歷了煮茶法、煎茶法、點茶法、泡茶法的衍變過程,明代興起的泡茶法一直推行至今,提倡以開水現(xiàn)泡現(xiàn)飲為佳[1]。由于開水制備、取用的不便近年來一些研究者開始關(guān)注冷泡法,即用常溫水甚至冰水泡茶。冷泡茶的水一般選用礦泉水或純凈水,水溫為 4℃或 25℃,沖泡時間較長,所使用的茶葉既可以是利用傳統(tǒng)加工工藝制作的茶葉,也可以是在傳統(tǒng)茶葉加工技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改進(jìn)后而生產(chǎn)的茶葉。冷泡茶既具有傳統(tǒng)茶飲優(yōu)勢,又具有現(xiàn)代飲料的便利性,深受上班族、學(xué)生、開車族、登山族喜愛[2]。筆者綜述了國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對冷泡茶的加工方法、沖泡方法、抗氧化活性以及治療糖尿病方面研究,以期為冷泡茶的研發(fā)和推廣提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。
1 冷水沖泡型茶葉的加工方法
1.1 物理方法
冷水沖泡型茶葉常用的加工方法是采用蒸汽殺青、延長揉捻時間和增加切碎等。……