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【摘要】 目的 分析焦慮、抑郁、強迫和恐懼癥患者的心理健康狀況和個性特征。方法 420例神經(jīng)癥患者, 根據(jù)疾病情況分為焦慮組(117例)、抑郁組(125例)、強迫組(72例)和恐懼組(106例)。運用癥狀自評量表對所有患者的心理健康情況進行分析比較。結(jié)果 四組患者癥狀自評量表評分比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。焦慮組、抑郁組、強迫組和恐懼組精神質(zhì)評分分別為(51.45±5.34)、(54.64±6.43)、(55.44±6.45)、(54.36±7.66)分, 神經(jīng)癥評分分別為(56.43±6.55)、(59.21±6.43)、(59.53±5.67)、(60.43±5.58)分, 焦慮組精神質(zhì)和神經(jīng)癥評分均低于抑郁組、強迫組和恐懼組, 差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 對四種神經(jīng)癥亞型的具體臨床癥狀和性格情況多加分析, 有利于提高診斷精準性, 從而進行針對性用藥指導(dǎo), 引導(dǎo)患者了解自身疾病, 提高治療配合度, 由此改善臨床癥狀, 提高心理素質(zhì)。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 心理健康狀況;焦慮、抑郁、強迫和恐懼癥;個性特征
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.26.015
【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the mental health status and personality characteristics of patients with anxiety, depression, compulsion and phobia. Methods A total of 420 neurosis patients were divided by disease condition into anxiety group (117 cases), depression group (125 cases), compulsion group (72 cases) and phobia group (106 cases). Symptom self-rating scale was used to analyze and compare the mental health status. Results Four groups had no statistically significant difference in symptom self-rating scale (P>0.05). Anxiety group, depression group, compulsion group and phobia group had psychoticism score respectively as (51.45±5.34), (54.64±6.43), (55.44±6.45) and (54.36±7.66) points, neurosis score respectively as (56.43±6.55), (59.21±6.43), (59.53±5.67) and (60.43±5.58) points. Anxiety group had lower psychoticism and neurosis score than depression group, compulsion group and phobia group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The analysis of the specific clinical symptoms and personality of the four types of neurological subtypes is helpful to improve diagnostic accuracy, so as to provide targeted medication guidance, guide patients to understand their own diseases, improve treatment compliance, along with improve clinical symptoms and improve the psychological quality.
【Key words】 Mental health status; Anxiety, depression, compulsion and phobia; Personality characteristics
神經(jīng)癥是臨床中比較常見的疾病, 是強迫癥、抑郁癥、神經(jīng)衰弱等疾病的總稱[1], 會對患者的心理障礙和社會功能產(chǎn)生一定影響。因為神經(jīng)癥各個亞型的臨床癥狀無明顯區(qū)分, 特別容易出現(xiàn)誤診的情況, 使很多醫(yī)學(xué)研究者對神經(jīng)癥這一概念無法有一個準確的認識。因此, 本文針對神經(jīng)癥患者采用癥狀自評量表以及艾森克人格問卷調(diào)查表進行分析, 探究焦慮、抑郁、強迫和恐懼癥患者的心理健康狀況和個性特征, 報告如下。
1 資料與方法
1. 1 一般資料 選取本院2015年5月~2016年12月共收治的420例神經(jīng)癥患者作為研究對象, 根據(jù)疾病情況分為焦慮組(117例)、抑郁組(125例)、強迫組(72例)和恐懼組(106例)。
四組患者一般資料比較差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05), 具有可比性。見表1。
1. 2 方法 運用癥狀自評量表對所有患者的心理健康情況進行評定, 評定內(nèi)容分為強迫、敵對、抑郁、偏執(zhí)、精神病癥、軀體化、人際關(guān)系、焦慮、其他;評分0……