汪效駟+李飛
關鍵詞: 知識青年;中共;抗戰;延安;交通社會史
摘 要: 抗戰時期知識青年之所以選擇延安作為行程目的地,是因為紅色革命在陜北的蓬勃發展以及中共向外部世界不遺余力地宣傳延安,使其延安之行獲得了足夠的動力。在知識青年奔赴延安的路線上,以八路軍駐各地辦事處為主的中共各級各類機構進行了嚴密的謀劃和安排,使數萬名熱血青年的朝圣之旅得以成行,安抵終點。中共對到達延安的知識青年進行了妥善安置,使其不僅停留在快樂的生活體驗中,而且在延安得到了成長。
中圖分類號: K264.3
文獻標志碼: A
文章編號: 1001 2435(2017)06 0670 09
Abstract:
The youth of the AntiJapanese War chose Yan'an as the destination because of the vigorous development of the red revolution in northern Shanxi and the fact that the communist Party of China had spared no effort in propagating the Yan'an to the outside world, so that the Yan'an trip was given enough impetus. On the route of the educated youth to Yan'an, the Communist Party of China at all levels of the Eighth Route Army Office had made careful planning and arrangement, so that tens of thousands of hotblooded youngsters made the pilgrimage to the destination. The Communist Party of China has made proper arrangements for the intellectual youth who arrived in Yan'an, so that it not only stayed in the happy life experience, but also grew up in Yan'an.
抗戰時期知識青年奔赴延安是學術界長期以來津津樂道的一個話題。關于這一現象的成因、國共的“爭奪”及歷史啟示,學者同仁都進行了較為全面地探討。①
縱觀既有的研究,大多側重于宏觀的分析,缺乏對歷史時空的微觀把握。據學界的不完全統計,在全面抗戰時期,奔赴延安的學者、文藝界人士和青年學生大約有4-6萬人。在當時的交通條件和政治背景下,數萬的龐大人群從四面八方陸續輾轉到陜北,僅靠年輕人本身的革命熱情和堅強意志是很難完成這趟“朝
圣之旅”的;事實上,他們的成行及行程,皆有中共周密的宣傳、組織與安置。來自全國各地,甚至海內外的知識青年為什么要選擇延安作為行程的目的地?他們是取道何種路徑到延安的?他們到延安后又有什么樣的人生際遇?或者說,中共是如何打造延安,使其對知識青年產生磁吸效應的?……