周新民+奚放
摘 要 錄播教室是拍攝課堂教學錄像的重要場所,多臺攝像機固定安裝在錄播教室不同位置,全方位記錄教師授課過程和學生互動場景,通過鏡頭切換組接成完整的課堂錄像。對課堂錄像的景別劃分、錄播教室機位分工以及機位的布置進行全面分析對比,逐步探索錄播教室機位設置優化策略。
關鍵詞 錄播教室;課堂教學;攝像機;固定鏡頭;鏡頭切換
中圖分類號:G481 文獻標識碼:B
文章編號:1671-489X(2017)24-0062-04
Optimize Setting of Recording and Broadcasting Classroom Im-prove Quality of Classroom Video Image//ZHOU Xinmin, XI Fang
Abstract The recording and broadcasting classroom is an important place for shooting classroom teaching video. Many cameras are fixed
in different places in the recording and broadcasting classroom to record the scene of teacher teaching process and student interaction in all directions. The complete classroom video is made through the lens switching and montaging. This paper conducts a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the differentiation of the classroom videos
scene, division of camera position, and the distribution of the camera
position to explore the studio set up optimization strategy.
Key words broadcasting classroom; classroom teaching; video ca-mera; fixed lens; lens switch
1 前言
在錄播教室內,既有教師講解知識點的過程,又有師生互動的環節。為準確呈現課堂教學活動的細節和全貌,課堂教學錄像拍攝方式要根據課程內容,采用多機位拍攝(三機位以上),機位設置應滿足完整記錄全部教學活動的要求[1]。采用不同機位的不同景別的信號,切換出理想的畫面,這種做法的好處是畫面干凈洗練,電視語句節奏清晰[2]。如何選用合適的景別表現不同的教學場景?怎樣區分不同機位的功能差異?在什么位置安裝攝像機更為恰當?通過對機位設置相關要素的分析對比,可以全面把握不同機位的特點,避免機位設置不當造成的負面影響,提高課堂錄像畫面質量。
2 課堂教學錄像的景別
課堂教學錄像拍攝對象是教師和學生,教師是課堂教學的主角,學生是教學互動環節的參與者,現場是否安排學生互動可根據錄制需要自行決定[3]。教師的講課形式有演示課件、板書和語言表達,教師講課時的神態和動作就是肢體語言的表達方式。……