龔理杰 呂振曄 丁小文 石吉



[摘要] 目的 觀察舒肝涼血湯改善乳腺癌術后使用藥物去勢患者圍絕經期綜合征的臨床療效。 方法 選取2015年6月~2017年10月在浙江省人民醫院接受藥物去勢治療出現圍絕經期癥狀并經中醫辨證為肝郁血熱型的乳腺癌患者96例作為研究對象,采用隨機雙盲對照法分為治療組和對照組,每組48例。治療組給予內分泌治療并服用舒肝涼血湯,對照組給予內分泌治療并服用安慰劑,比較兩組圍絕經期癥狀變化情況及不良反應情況,并進行統計分析。 結果 治療后,治療組Kupperman評分下降近50%,40例治療有效,總有效率為83.3%;對照組Kupperman評分下降不到27%,19例治療有效,總有效率僅為39.6%,治療組療效顯著優于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05),兩組均未發生明顯不良反應。 結論 舒肝涼血湯能有效緩解乳腺癌術后使用藥物去勢患者的圍絕經期癥狀,療效安全可靠,值得臨床推廣應用。
[關鍵詞] 舒肝涼血湯;肝郁血熱型;乳腺癌;藥物去勢;圍絕經期綜合征
[中圖分類號] R273? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701(2019)33-0127-04
[Abstract] Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Shugan Liangxue decoction in improving peri-menopausal syndrome in the patients with breast cancer using postoperative medical castration. Methods 96 cases with breast cancer receiving medical castration who developed peri-menopausal symptoms and who were diagnosed as having liver stagnation and blood heat by TCM differentiation during the period from June 2015 to October 2017 were selected. They were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 48 cases in each group. The treatment group was treated with endocrine therapy and Shugan Liangxue decoction, while the control group was treated with endocrine therapy and placebo. The changes of peri-menopausal symptoms and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups, and statistical analysis was performed. Results After treatment, the Kupperman score in the treatment group decreased nearly 50%, 40 cases were effective, and the total effective rate was 83.3%. the Kupperman score in the control group decreased less than 27%, 19 cases were effective, and the total effective rate was only 39.6%. The curative effect in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no obvious adverse reaction in two groups. Conclusion Shugan Liangxue Decoction can effectively alleviate the peri-menopausal symptoms of patients with breast cancer receiving postoperative medical castration. The curative effect is safe and reliable, and it is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
[Key words] Shugan Liangxue decoction; Liver stagnation and blood heat; Breast cancer; Medical castration; Peri-menopausal syndrome
乳腺癌發病率及死亡率居全球女性惡性腫瘤首位[1],我國以45歲以下絕經前癌癥患者中乳腺癌死亡率最高[2],其嚴重威脅著女性的身體健康。不同分子分型的乳腺癌具有截然不同的分子機制及生物學行為,激素受體陽性乳腺癌患者通常被認為預后較好,但該類患者在術后需要至少5年輔助內分泌治療[3]。三苯氧胺或三苯氧胺+戈舍瑞林進行藥物去勢是絕經前乳腺癌患者最為常用的兩種內分泌治療方案。對于早期、具有高復發風險的患者通常采用三苯氧胺+戈舍瑞林進行藥物去勢治療,該方案能顯著改善患者生存期,但同時也會出現潮熱、出汗等圍絕經期癥狀[4,5]。近年來越來越多年輕、具有高復發風險的乳腺癌患者接受了藥物去勢內分泌治療,患者的生存質量及治療依從性引起了更多人的重視。圍絕經期癥狀對患者造成嚴重困擾,其為影響患者生存質量及依從性的重要因素之一,據報道約有25%患者因副反應不得不在醫囑或非醫囑的情況下停藥[6],但臨床上對此副反應缺乏有效的治療手段,因而如何緩解此類患者癥狀成為臨床工作中上亟待解決的重大難題。在臨床實際工作中,常用激素替代療法(Hormone replacement therapy,HRT)來改善健康婦女出現的圍絕經期癥狀[7],但針對于乳腺癌患者,激素替代療法已被證實是不可行的[8]。已有很多人嘗試用藥物改善圍絕經期癥狀,其中之一為新型抗抑郁藥,新型抗抑郁藥物如SSRIs(Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)和SNRIs(Selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor)在治療潮熱癥狀方面具有明顯效果,但可能削弱三苯氧胺的治療效果[9-11]。國內外西醫多采取對癥治療的方法,尚無針對性的藥物治療手段,不能從根本上解決該類乳腺癌患者困擾。在臨床實踐中應用舒肝涼血湯改善乳腺癌術后使用藥物去勢患者的圍絕經期癥狀取得了一定的療效,現報道如下。
本研究發現藥物去勢治療前患者的癥狀以潮熱、出汗、失眠為主,用舒肝涼血湯治療的總有效率達83.3%,其中對改善患者潮熱的效果最為顯著,可能與柴胡、丹皮、白薇清熱涼血的功效有關。近年來,國內外多項研究證明,柴胡的有效成分柴胡皂苷具有解熱、鎮靜、調節免疫等作用[19,20],白薇[21]、丹皮[22]均有退熱、抗腫瘤、增強免疫等藥理作用。因此,舒肝涼血湯不僅可以改善圍絕經期癥狀,可能還具有一定增強免疫及抗腫瘤的效果。在本研究中還發現治療組治療后Kupperman評分均值較治療前有所下降,經統計該組心煩失眠情況改善最明顯,可能與中醫歸經理論中“苦味入心,能降火除煩”有關,另外口服中藥湯劑對患者可能也有一定的心理暗示安慰作用。與對照組相比,舒肝涼血湯未增加與藥物相關的嚴重毒副反應。綜上所述,認為舒肝涼血湯是安全、有效的。
本研究結果表明舒肝涼血湯能明顯改善乳腺癌術后使用藥物去勢患者圍絕經期綜合征的癥狀,能有效提高乳腺癌患者生活質量,可增強患者治療信心,具有臨床推廣意義。
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(收稿日期:2019-06-18)