蘆山縣藥用植物資源調(diào)查研究

曾凡

摘要? ? 為探索四川省雅安市蘆山縣藥用植物資源現(xiàn)狀，豐富當(dāng)?shù)氐乃幱弥参镔Y源，促進(jìn)中藥材產(chǎn)業(yè)有效可持續(xù)發(fā)展，本文結(jié)合全國(guó)第四次中藥資源普查，通過(guò)引進(jìn)遙感衛(wèi)星定位技術(shù)進(jìn)行野外實(shí)地考察、建立樣方調(diào)查、采集照片信息、臘葉標(biāo)本鑒定、種質(zhì)和藥材樣品及栽培藥用植物收集、中藥材市場(chǎng)調(diào)查等技術(shù)進(jìn)行實(shí)地考察。結(jié)果表明，經(jīng)初步鑒定，蘆山縣野生植物共計(jì)590種，其中藥用植物215科399屬492種。該研究可為合理利用蘆山縣藥用植物資源、促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)刂兴幃a(chǎn)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供重要依據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞? ? 藥用植物;資源調(diào)查;開發(fā)利用;四川蘆山

中圖分類號(hào)? ? S567? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼? ? A

Abstract? ? In order to explore the status of medicinal plant resources in Lushan County，Ya′an City，Sichuan Province，enrich the local medicinal plant resources and promote the effective and sustainable development of Chinese herbal medicine industry，combined with the fourth national survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources，investigation was carried out by introducing the remote sensing satellite positioning technology，field research，quadrat survey，photo information collection，waxy specimens identification，collection of germplasm and medicinal samples，collection of cultivated medicinal plants，and Chinese medicine material market survey. The results showed there were 590 species of wild plants，and 492 species，399 genus and 215 families of medicinal plant in Lushan County. This study provided an important basis for rational utilization of medicinal plant resources in Lushan County and promotion of sustainable development of local Chinese medicine industry.

Key words? ? medicinal plant;resource survey;development and utilization;Lushan Sichuan

蘆山縣位于四川盆周山區(qū)西緣，雅安地區(qū)東北部，青衣江上游，北與汶川縣連界，東北與崇州市、大邑縣、邛崍市毗鄰，地跨東經(jīng)102°52′～103°11′、北緯30°01′～30°49′。縣境南北長(zhǎng)86.6 km（飛仙關(guān)至斷頭巖），幅員面積1 364.42 km2，地勢(shì)北高南低。蘆山縣境內(nèi)最高山為南天門，海拔3 842 m，最低點(diǎn)為向陽(yáng)壩，海拔686 m。氣候溫和，雨量充沛，四季分明，無(wú)霜期長(zhǎng)，日照偏少，夏濕冬干。四川省地域遼闊，地形復(fù)雜，氣候多樣，具有亞熱帶、溫帶以及寒帶氣候特征[1]。同時(shí)具有悠久的中藥材栽培歷史。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，四川地區(qū)藥材的種類多達(dá)4 500種以上[2]。蘆山縣在此復(fù)雜的地理?xiàng)l件下孕育出茂密的森林植被，使蘆山縣具有豐富的藥用植物資源，境內(nèi)分布有紅豆杉、楨楠、潤(rùn)楠、珙桐、光葉珙桐、麥吊云杉、油麥吊云杉、領(lǐng)春木、連香樹、水青樹、圓葉玉蘭等珍貴植物。本研究結(jié)合第四次全國(guó)中藥資源普查，依據(jù)遙感衛(wèi)星定位技術(shù)，在野外進(jìn)行實(shí)地資源考察[3]。……