謝孟橋 周淵澄 黃惠英 胡佳


【摘 要】: 目的:探究早期帕金森患者嗅覺減退與認知障礙的相關性。方法:共納入32例帕金森病患者及22例健康志愿者,采集參與者的一般信息,使用簡短精神狀態量表(MMSE)及蒙特利爾認知評估量表(MoCA)對參與者進行認知功能的評價,使用康乃狄克化學感覺臨床研究中心嗅功能檢查法(connecticut chemosensory clinical research center,CCCRC)對參與者的嗅覺功能進行評估,然后對采集的一般信息及量表評分進行SPSS統計分析。結果:PD組的MMSE得分低于對照組,差異有統計學意義(p<0.05);MoCA得分低于對照組,差異無統計學意義(P>0.05);PD組的CCCRC識別分及閾值分均低于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05);PD組的MoCA與CCCRC閾值呈正相關關系(r=0.45,p<0.05),MoCA與CCCRC識別分、MMSE與CCCRC閾值及識別分無明顯相關(P>0.05)。結論:早期帕金森病患者可能同時存在認知及嗅覺功能的損害,且兩者嚴重程度有一定相關性。
【關鍵詞】:早期帕金森病;嗅覺減退;認知功能
Abstract: Objective: to investigate the correlation between olfactory and cognitive impairment in early Parkinsons patients (PD).Methods: A total of 32 patients with Parkinsons disease and 22 healthy volunteers were included. Participants ‘general information was collected, and their cognitive function were assessed using the Short Mental State Scale (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), participants olfactory function was evaluated using the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC), and then all the information and the scores of the scales were statistically analyzed by SPSS.Results: The MMSE score of the PD group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05); the MoCA score was lower than the control group, and the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05); The CCCRC identification score and threshold score of the PD group were lower than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05); MoCA and CCCRC threshold of the PD group were positively correlated (r = 0.45, p <0.05), and MoCA and CCCRC score, MMSE and CCCRC threshold and recognition score were not significantly related (P> 0.05).Conclusion: Patients with early Parkinsons disease may have both cognitive and olfactory impairments, and their severity is related.
Keywords: early Parkinsons disease;olfactory impairments; cognitive impairment
【中圖分類號】R742.5【文獻標識碼】A【文章編號】1672-3783(2020)08-24--01
帕金森病的臨床表現包括運動癥狀與非運動癥狀,而非運動癥狀包括了嗅覺障礙、認知障礙、便秘、抑郁等。目前已有研究表明,帕金森病的非運動癥狀之間存在某些關聯,尤其是嗅覺障礙,其出現時間早,并且廣泛發生于早期帕金森患者之中[1]。
嗅覺減退與認知障礙均為帕金森病的非運動癥狀。本研究擬評估早期帕金森患者嗅覺減退與認知障礙的相關性,從而更加深入的了解早期帕金森病非運動癥狀之間的聯系,為疾病的早發現、早治療提供依據,以便更好地識別和管理早期帕金森病的認知障礙。
1 資料及方法:
1.1 病例收集 收集2018.6-2019.12于樂山市人民醫院神經內科住院部就診的帕金森病患者。納入標準:(1)符合帕金森病診斷標準;(2)Hoehn&Yahr分級<3級。排除標準:(1)腦血管、腦炎、外傷、多發性硬化、腫瘤、藥物等原因導致的帕金森綜合征及疊加綜合征;(2)可能影響嗅覺的其他精神疾病,例如阿爾茨海默病、精神分裂癥、抑郁癥等;(3)有鼻腔或鼻竇疾病及其手術病史,2周內有上呼吸道感染;(4)服用可能影響認知功能的抗帕金森藥物;(5)不能配合相關檢查的對象。另選擇同期性別、年齡與PD組相匹配的健康家屬作為對照組。