淺談海洋鉆修井裝置作業前檢驗存在的問題及對策

袁征 吳小龍 張海洋 雷正 楊浩 蔡鵬

摘要：海洋鉆修井裝置作業前檢驗，是海上鉆修井作業過程中的重要環節。做好作業前檢驗工作，使作業裝置滿足作業和安全的要求，是后續作業順利、安全、高效進行的重要保障。文章根據南海西部近5年來海洋鉆修井裝置作業前檢驗工作的現狀，從管理、技術層面對作業前檢驗存在的問題進行剖析，并給出了相關建議。如：作業前檢驗全生命周期管理的流程及強化措施;保持驗船人員的公用機制;引進、培養一支固定的驗船隊伍;制定驗船標準化手冊;增加驗船技術手段等。為進一步提高海洋鉆修井裝置檢驗質量及海上鉆修井作業保駕護航。

關鍵詞：作業前檢驗;海洋鉆修井裝置;鉆前檢驗;驗船;鉆修井作業

中圖分類號：P75文獻標志碼：A文章編號：1005-9857（2021）11-0073-03

A Brief Discussion on the Problems and Countermeasures in the Pre-operation Inspection of Offshore Drilling and Workover Unit YUAN Zheng，WU Xiaolong，ZHANG Haiyang，LEI Zheng，YANG Hao，CAI Peng （Zhanjiang Branch，CNOOC Enertech-QSHE Services Co.，Zhanjiang 524057，China）

Abstract：Pre-operation inspection of offshore drilling and workover unit is an important link in the process of offshore drilling and workover. It is an innportant guarantee for the smooth， safe and efficient follow-up operation to do the pre-operation inspection well and make the operating device meet the re-quirements of operation and safety. According to the current situation of pre-operation inspection of off-shore drilling and workover units in the western South China Sea in recent five years， the paper analyzed the existing problems of pre-operation inspection freom the management and technical aspects， and pro-vided the life-cycle management process and strengthening measures of pre-operation inspection. It was suggested to put forward to maintain the public mechanism of ship inspection personnel; Receive new professional ship inspection personnel resources;Introduce and cultivate a fixed ship survey team; For-mulate a standardization manual for ship survey; Add ship survey technology etc.， so as to further im-prove the inspection quality of offshore drilling and workover units and protect offshore drilling and workover operations.

Keywords：Pre-operation inspection，Offshore drilling and workover unit， Pre-drill inspection， Survey，Drilling and workover operations

0引言

開展海洋鉆井裝置作業前檢驗（也稱之為驗船[1]）工作是中國海洋石油行業標準和規范的要求[1-12]。做好驗船工作，保障海洋鉆修井作業過程中人員安全及設備設施的安全運行，使人員傷害和設備損壞降到最低程度，提高作業的安全性和時效性[13-14]，是作業者迫切關注的問題。

近年來，隨著南海西部鉆修井作業量的增多，作業過程中人員、設備安全問題日益嚴峻，作業者對驗船工作的要求越來越高，驗船質量亟待提升。

1作業前檢驗工作現狀

目前，驗船工作的基本流程主要為承包商組建驗船組，驗船組依據檢驗計劃、檢驗大綱到達現場進行檢驗[1-2]。驗船組成員一般包括鉆井、井控、動力、電氣、安全環保、海事、動力定位等方面的專業技術人員，檢驗方法主要是以人的經驗判斷為主要技術手段，采用證書資料查驗、外觀檢查、功能試驗、壓力測試、聯合調試5種方式進行?！?br>