劉瀚仁 湯雁濱 劉清河 廖一波 壽鹿 曾江寧 陳全震

摘要:藤壺亞目是目前為止海洋生物群落中種類最豐富和最重要的類群之一,也是海洋污損生物的重要組成部分,主要分布于巖石潮間帶棲息地、深海熱液口,有的物種會附著在紅樹林植物、動物和人工構筑物上。文章綜述了藤壺亞目的起源以及分類系統的建立和發展,認為藤壺亞目在下白堊紀從有柄目分化而來,其中籬藤壺科(小藤壺總科)是最早分化出的一支,而后逐漸分化為星板藤壺總科、厚藤壺總科、鯨藤壺總科、笠藤壺總科、小藤壺總科和藤壺總科6支;總結了國內藤壺亞目的研究進展;比較了藤壺亞目系統發育學的研究方法;展望了未來的研究方向,即結合形態學方法與分子系統學方法研究藤壺亞目物種的系統發育關系,為今后研究藤壺亞目物種的分類及防治等工作提供借鑒和幫助。
關鍵詞:系統發育學;無柄目;藤壺亞目;分子系統學;污損生物
中圖分類號:Q959.22;Q958.8;Q951;P76文獻標志碼:A文章編號:1005-9857(2021)11-0097-07
The Phylogeography Study Progress of Balanomorpha Species LIU Hanren, TANG Yanbin, LIU Qinghe, LIAO Yibo, SHOU Lu, ZENG Jiangning,CHEN Quanzhen
(Second Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics,Hangzhou 310012, China)
Abstract:Balanomorpha,which is one of the most abundant and important group of marine com-munities, the species are mainly distributed in intertidal habitats,deep sea hydrothermal vents, some species are attached to mangrove plants, animals or artificial structures. This paper reviewed the origin of Balanomorpha, and the establishment and development of it's taxonomy. Balanomorpha was differentiated from Peduncuulata in Cretaceous, then gradually differentiated into Chionelasmatoidea,Pachylasmatoidea,Coronuloidea,Tetraclitoidea,Chthamaloidea,Bal-anoidea. And then, we summarized the domestic research progress of Balanomorpha, compared the study methods for the phylogeny of Balanomorpha, and looked forward to the future research direction,combining with morphology characteristics and molecular phylogenetic methods, to study the relationships of Balanomorpha, which could provide reference and help for the future study of taxology and prevention of Balanomorpha.
0前言
藤壺亞目(Balanomorpha)隸屬于節肢動物門(Arthropoda),甲殼動物亞門(Crustacea),顎足綱(Maxilopoda),鞘甲亞綱(Thecostraca),蔓足下綱(Ciripedia),圍胸總目(Thoracica),無柄目(Sesil-ia)[1],是目前為止海洋生物群落中種類最豐富和最重要的類群,其化石記錄自下白堊紀以來就一直存在[2]。它們之所以得名,是因為缺少不同于有柄類的肉質柄,并且被包裹在錐形的殼板中,身體底部牢牢地黏在底層[3]。該類群物種主要分布于巖石潮間帶棲息地,有些物種棲息在深海和熱液噴口,或附著在各種植物(紅樹林植物)、動物(脊椎動物,如鯨魚、海龜、海蛇;無脊椎動物,如甲殼動物、軟體動物、珊瑚、海綿)以及人工構筑物上。……