互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對阿爾茨海默癥家庭照顧者居家照護知信行的影響

劉桂林 林清然 黃瑞英 張妮

[摘要] 目的 探討互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對阿爾茨海默癥（AD）家庭照顧者居家照護知信行的影響。 方法 采用方便抽樣的方法，將2019年7—12月在廣州某三甲醫(yī)院就診且診斷為AD的86例患者的家庭照顧者，隨機分為干預組和對照組。兩組家庭照顧者均接受常規(guī)護理及健康指導，干預組利用“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”隨訪及信息咨詢平臺——“醫(yī)患通”平臺、微信公眾號及小程序、微信群與居家訪視等干預措施，對AD家庭照顧者進行“線上+線下”結合式延續(xù)性護理，比較兩組患者的生活能力、住院次數(shù)及家屬照顧者的知信行、生活質量、滿意度。 結果 干預后1、3個月兩組患者的生活能力和住院次數(shù)比較，差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義（P>0.05）。干預后6個月，干預組住院次數(shù)低于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。干預后1、3、6個月，干預組的ADKS、PAC水平均高于對照組，F(xiàn)CTI水平低于對照組差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。干預后1、3、6個月，干預組生活質量和滿意度高于對照組，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（P<0.05）。 結論 利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對阿爾茨海默癥家庭照顧者進行干預及護理有利于提高其居家照護知信行水平、生活質量和滿意度，也有利于其對患者照顧水平的提高。

[關鍵詞] 互聯(lián)網(wǎng);阿爾茨海默癥;家庭照顧者;知信行

[中圖分類號] R473.6? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701（2021）24-0176-04

Influence of Internet on knowledge， belief and behavior of home care in Alzheimer's disease family caregivers

LIU Guilin1? ?LIN Qingran2? ?HUANG Ruiying3? ?ZHANG Ni4

1.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Hospital （Guangming）， Shenzhen? ?518106， China; 2.Department of Nursing， the First Affiliated Hospital of Ji′nan University， Guangzhou? ?510630， China; 3.Continuing Nursing Service Center， the First Affiliated Hospital of Ji′nan University， Guangzhou? ?510630， China; 4.School of Nursing， Ji′nan University， Guangzhou? ?510630， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the influence of Internet on the knowledge， belief and behavior of home care in Alzheimer′s disease family caregivers. Methods The family caregivers of 86 patients who were diagnosed with AD in a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou from July 2019 to December 2019 were randomly divided into two groups （the intervention group and the control group），using convenient sampling method. Both groups were given routine nursing and health guidance. The intervention group were given the "Internet +" follow-up and information consultation platform， including "Doctor-Patient" platform， WeChat public account and mini programs， WeChat groups， home visits and other intervention measures， to implement "online+offline" combined continuation care for AD family caregivers. The living ability and number of hospitalizations of patients were compared between the two groups. The knowledge， belief and behavior， quality of life， and satisfaction of family caregivers were also compared. Results There was no significant differences in the living ability and number of hospitalizations between the two groups at 1 month and 3 months after intervention（P>0.05）. At 6 months after intervention， the number of hospitalizations in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group， with statistically significant difference（P<0.05）. At 1， 3 and 6 months after intervention， the levels of ADKS、PAC in the intervention group were higher than those in the control group， the levels of FCTI were lower than the control group with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）. At 1， 3 and 6 months after intervention， the quality of life and satisfaction of the intervention group were higher than those of the control group， with statistically significant differences（P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of Internet to intervene and care for Alzheimer′s disease family caregivers is beneficial to improve their knowledge， belief and behavior of home care，quality of life and satisfaction，as well as to improve the level of care for patients.