本期學術論文英文題目及摘要

本期學術論文英文題目及摘要

On the Deflationary Account of Metaphor Interpretation

SUN Yi & PENG Bai-yu

Abstract: Most rhetorical, literary, and philosophical traditions emphasizeboth the importance and distinctiveness of metaphor. Combined with the coding-decoding model of human verbal communication, it should be pinpointed that linguistic metaphors are not a natural kind to be interpreted as a deviation from the literal meaning. However, metaphorical interpretation does not completely rely upon code editing, but upon the clue-based context-sensitive and inferential process. Therefore, derived from the communicative pragmatic view of metaphorical language, New Relevance Theory further puts forward the deflationary account of metaphors which defines metaphorical language as a “loose talk”. Like all the other loose use of language (approximation, category extension, hyperbole, etc.), the metaphorical interpretation follows the same relevance-based inferential processas simply a range of cases at one end of a continuum that includes literal, loose, and hyperbolic interpretations. Besides, it is noted that the poetic effect of metaphorical language is generated through the cognitive effects conveyinga wide plethora of weak implicatures. The deflationary account of metaphors is obtained by the relevance principle of verbal communication conducting a regression to the interpreting process of loose cases, and initiates the empirical cognitive exploration of metaphor interpreting mechanism with tremendous theoretical and practical significance, offering academic nutrition and novel research path for the mainstream Conceptual Metaphor Theory which merely concentrates on unidirectional systematic mappings from the source domain onto the target domain.

Keywords: metaphorical language; New Relevance Theory; deflationary hermeneutic; poetic effect

Genetic Algorithms: A New Approach for the Study of Implicature

HUANG Mian & XU Sheng-huan

Abstract: Implicature is a classic topic in pragmatics. Since Grice put forward conversational implicature about half a century ago, the Western research on how implicature is inferred has been adhering to the paradigm of principle. However, because the development of times and technology and changes in people’s lives have brought about changes in language expressions, some implicatures may not necessarily be generated by principle-based inferential mechanism. By borrowing the computational model of biological evolution process from genetic algorithms, this study attempts to make a turn from principle-based to genetic algorithm-based to obtain an optimal solution which can change with the needs of the situation for implicature inference. The speaker combines the communicative intention as the gene component with the specific situation, and uses the modalities in the genetic algorithm to produce the utterance. The hearer follows the genetic algorithm procedure to infer implicature. This study shows that genetic algorithm of conversational implicature can deduce the generation and reproduction of the syntagma of implicature expression as such a paradigm is connected with the reproduction and inheritance of organisms.

Keywords: implicature; the syntagma of implicature expression; genetic algorithms; optimal solution

Conversational Implicature: A Case of the Borrowed for Substitute

HE Ai-jing

Abstract: This paper applies the theory of emotion-situation correlation to studying conversational implicature, which is regarded as a case of the rhetorical expression of(the borrowed for substitute). The theory of emotion-situation correlation holds that in any successful language expressions the emotion of the speaker must be correlated with the situation from which the emotion comes out, and this is the way from which the meaning of the utterance is precipitated. In this communicative course, the communicative intention of the speaker brings the situation and emotion into correlation, and the hearer tries to bring to cognitive processes the existence and activities of people and things in the situation through association and imagination, so as to come to the understanding of the feelings and reasonable facts, arriving at the utterance meaning, and its implied meaning included.(the borrowed for substitute) is a traditional rhetoric device. Its expression is not directly using the concept of the thing it actually refers to, but relies on that of another thing for substitution. The theory of conversational implication is a theory of language communication put forward in the 1950s by Grice, an American philosopher. It holds that a successful language communication relies on the accurate understanding of communicative intention of the speaker. The suggestion that implicature is a case ofbreathes life into the research of traditional rhetorical studies, introduces the important basic idea of pragmatic studies that the communication intention of the communicative subjects must be paid special attention, and the research paradigm of implicature might also be shifted.

Keywords: implied meaning;(the borrowed for substitute); emotion-situation correlation; communicative intention

Research and Development of Global Competence Indexes for Russia’s National Commonly-used Language

LI Ying-ying & PAN Xiao-tong

Abstract: To compare Russia’s national commonly-used capacity with the other prestige languages in the world, the Russian Federation published a new assessment report which consists of 10 first-level parameters and 10 second-level indicators in 2022. Both domestic and supranational levels are taken into account in this version, making it easier to quantify the development and strength of the Russian language in the 30 years since the founding of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Taking the new assessment report as the data architecture, this paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the report in details with the methods of literature research, comparative research and a multi-index comprehensive evaluation approach. The main results show that firstly, Russian is ranked 5th among the other 11 prestige languages in the world, behind English, Spanish, Chinese and French; secondly, although the number of Russian academic publications and the proportion of Russian websites have always been comparatively high, there are still shortcomings in the global language competition, such as instability of its language development and relatively weak cohesion of language; thirdly, the attitude towards the use of Russian in the post-Soviet space is also polarized. Belarus, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan are more willing to learn and use Russian, while the three Baltic countries and Ukraine have a negative attitude. Besides, although the overall status of Russian has been partially improved, it still faces quite a few practical problems in the field of education and academic fields.

Keywords: national language capacity; commonly-used language of the Russian Federation; language capacity index; global competitiveness of language; post-Soviet space

Consonant Deletion in English from the Perspective of Harmonic Serialism

GUO Zhong-zi

Abstract: Harmonic Serialism (HS) is a derivational Optimality Theory advanced in recent years. Using the comparative method, this paper firstly introduces and explains the basics and framework of Harmonic Serialism, and illustrates its analytic method with the deletion of consonants in English. Secondly, based on the morpho-phonological framework, the research takes coronal stops [t, d] in English as examples, and the phenomenon of consonant deletion in English and the related phonological explanations of consonant deletion in English are discussed. It’s argued that the coronal stops go through multiple intermediate steps before the surface form. It points out the dilemma faced in the analyses of rule-based phonology and parallels Optimality theory. HS strictly observes the principle of gradualness when its Gen generates the candidate set, and thus, the phonological mappings from underlying form to surface form fully reflect the process of harmonic improvement of the candidate. HS can better describe the phonological process of consonant deletion in English. Finally, it summarizes and briefly explains the characteristics and main findings of HS in analyzing the phenomenon of consonant deletion in English.

Keywords:phonology; Optimality Theory; Harmonic Serialism; deletion

Henry Louis Gates’s Approach: The Construction of Black Critical Tradition

CHEN Fa-chun

Abstract: Gates believes the difference of race is constructed rather than scientific. Black writers can not only write but keep historical and cultural memory of their race. He further ascertains the aesthetic values of Black literature and throws out the shackles of so called “the Great Tradition”. In this way, he expands the space of Black writing and criticism. Gates espouses learning mainstream theory, whereas he does not simply assimilate. In addition to mastering western theory, he emphasizes that Black critical tradition should be created by Black vernacular and critical theory should be read under the background of black cultural background.

Keywords:Henry Louis Gates; race; Black literary tradition

A Corpus-based Analysis of Style in Whitehead’s

WANG Wei & YANG Xing-long

Abstract: This paper utilizes the functions of the corpus software AntConc, including Word List, Clusters and Concordance Plot, combined with lexical and syntactic analysis, to conduct a stylistic analysis of the contemporary African American novelist Colson Whitehead’s, and summarizes his narrative tendencies in the novel in terms of third-person narrative, verbs and adjectives. It argues that Whitehead chooses his habitually used third-person perspective and cognitive verbs to reinforce the protagonist’s cognitive efforts and to strengthen the doomsday dilemma. He also tends to apply emotionally charged adjectives to highlight the feelings of longing for the past, the gloom of reality, and the hope for the future. This study realizes the comprehensive application and organic combination of corpus data information and literary text interpretation, thereby making a contribution to corpus-based literary research.

Keywords: corpus-based literary study; Colson Whitehead;; narrative style