重大突發事件下大都市居民食物儲備行為影響機制研究

摘 要：重大突發事件對大都市居民食物安全產生巨大沖擊，必要的食物儲備是穩定社會秩序的重要措施，故針對大都市居民食物儲備行為機制展開研究。以計劃行為理論和風險感知理論為理論框架，利用上海市414份居民的線下調研數據，通過結構方程對重大突發事件下大都市居民食物儲備行為機制進行實證分析。結果表明：（1）主觀規范和知覺行為控制對食物儲備意愿的影響大于行為態度，知覺行為控制不僅直接影響食物儲備行為，還可以通過食物儲備意愿的中介效應間接影響食物儲備行為；（2）突發事件信息對風險感知產生正向影響，而食物儲備意愿受到風險感知的正向影響；（3）突發事件信息促使食物儲備信念產生，而食物儲備信念對行為態度、主觀規范和知覺行為控制產生正向影響，同時突發事件信息通過食物儲備信念的中介效應對行為態度產生間接影響。研究認為，應當采取加強食物儲備意識、建立多元儲備渠道、完善突發事件的信息披露等措施。

關鍵詞：食物儲備行為；計劃行為理論；突發事件；風險感知；大都市居民

中圖分類號：F316.11 文獻標志碼：A" " " " "文章編號：1005-9679（2024）01-00-010

Study on the Influence Mechanism of Food Reserve Behavior of Residents in Metropolis under Major Emergencies： Take Shanghai City as an Example

GAO Shihai CHEN Tinggui SHEN weixin

（School of Economics and Management， Shanghai Ocean University，Shanghai 201306，China）

Abstract：Major emergencies have a great impact on the food security of metropolitan residents， and the necessary food reserves are an important measure to stabilize the social order. This paper studies the behavioral mechanism of metropolitan residents' food reserves. Taking the theory of planned behavior and the theory of risk perception as the theoretical framework and using the offline research data of 414 residents in Shanghai， this paper empirically analyzes the behavioral mechanism of metropolitan residents' food reserve under major emergencies by means of structural equations. （1） Subjective norms and perceived behavioral control have a greater impact on food reserve intentions than behavioral attitudes， and perceived behavioral control not only directly affects food reserve behaviors， but also indirectly affects food reserve behaviors through the mediating effect of food reserve intentions； （2） information about emergencies positively affects risk perceptions， and food reserve intentions are positively affected by risk perceptions；（3） information about emergencies contributed to the emergence of food storage beliefs， which positively influenced behavioral attitudes， subjective norms， and perceptual-behavioral control， while information about emergencies indirectly influenced behavioral attitudes through the mediating effect of food storage beliefs. The study suggests that measures should be taken to enhance food storage awareness， establish multiple storage channels， and improve information disclosure on emergencies.

Key words： food reserve behavior； theory of planning behavior； emergencies； risk perception； metropolitan residents

0 引言

世界衛生組織于2020年1月13日正式將新冠肺炎疫情列為全球范圍內的重大突發衛生安全事件，基于新冠肺炎疫情發展新態勢以及社會經濟發展的考慮，在2022年12月7日，國務院發布疫情防控“新十條”，自此新冠肺炎疫情的發展進入到全新階段。應當注意的是，放寬疫情管制并不意味著新冠肺炎疫情的結束，新冠肺炎疫情的發展仍在動態變化之中。……