馬冬秋 甄子會
摘 要:冬季冰上課是我國北方地區的特色體育課程,對發展學生的身體素質、意志品質、社會適應能力具有良好的促進作用,但效果居高不下的運動損傷發生率是制約普通高校冬季冰上課程發展的瓶頸。運用問卷調查法、數理統計法與邏輯分析法,對普通高校冬季冰上課運動損傷的特點及發生規律進行研究,結果表明,學生在冰上課上的受傷率高達24.1 %;下肢受傷率為65.6 %,是受傷率最高的部位;技術動作不到位、安全意識薄弱、準備活動不充分、未聽從教師管理與指導、有害怕和恐懼心理、教師課堂管理松散、教學內容太難、冰面質量不好、惡劣的天氣條件等是引發運動損傷發生的原因;提出著力推進安全意識與防護技能教育,課堂教學的科學管理,加強場地與器材的維護,風險規避或轉移等措施積極預防大學生運動損傷的發生。
關鍵詞:傷害事故;風險控制;體育教師;責任
中圖分類號:G807.4 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1002–3488(2014)04–0087–06
Investigation and Study on Sports Injury of Skating Class in Universities
MA Dong-qiu, ZHEN Zi-hui
(Physical Education Department of Heilongjiang University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150027, China)
Abstract: Skating class is the characteristic sports curriculum in the northern China, has a good role in promoting the development of students' physical quality, but the high rate of physical injury is the bottleneck of restricting the development of skating class in universities. By using the methods of questionnaire, mathematical statistics and logic analysis, the paper has a study on the characteristics and regularity of sport injury in skating class in universities. The results show that the injury rate of students in skating class get 24.1%; Injury rate of lower extremity gets 65.6%, is the highest part of injury; Technical movements are not in place, security consciousness is weak, inadequate preparation, did not listen to the management and guidance of teachers, fear, lax management, teaching content is too difficult, ice quality is not good, bad weather conditions are causes of sports injuries; Propose to promote safety awareness and protection skills education, scientific management of teaching, strengthen the maintenance of venues and equipment, risk aversion or transfer to actively prevent the sport injury of college students.
Key words:universities;skating class;sports injury;investigation;prevention
冬季冰上課是我國北方地區的特色體育課程,對發展學生的各項身體素質及意志品質具有良好的效果[1]。但是近年來,這一傳統課程也受到了質疑和挑戰:一方面是國家體育總局與教育部聯合公布的數據顯示,大學生體質逐年持續下降;另一方面是居高不下的冰上課運動損傷發生率。因學生參與體育課發生運動損傷而引起的校方與學生家長之間的種種糾紛近年來屢見不鮮,有些事件因事態嚴重引……