鳳眼蓮與微生物組合處理對水體中氮磷去除能力的比較研究

王非++吳金男++尹凡++范益民++王立新

摘要 以前期激素誘導形成的類紫根鳳眼蓮以及自然河道采集的普通鳳眼蓮為研究對象，加入液體混合菌劑，比較這2種鳳眼蓮與液體菌劑單一及其組合處理時去除富營養化水體中氨氮、總磷的能力。結果表明：經過45 d的處理，發現類紫根鳳眼蓮與液體混合菌劑組合的去除效果最好，其氨氮的去除率為55%，總磷的去除率可達85%；綜合效果其次的是用類紫根鳳眼蓮單獨處理；而普通鳳眼蓮與液體混合菌劑組合在去除氨氮效果上比類紫根鳳眼蓮單獨處理稍好，液體混合菌劑單獨處理效果較差，總磷去除率僅為34%，氨氮去除率27%。

關鍵詞 類紫根鳳眼蓮；微生物菌劑；氨氮；總磷；去除率；比較

中圖分類號 X52 文獻標識碼 A 文章編號 1007-5739（2015）17-0232-02

Comparison of Ability of Eichhornia crassipes Synergetic with Microorganism in Removing Nitrogen and Phosphorus

from Eutrophic Water

WANG Fei 1 WU Jin-nan 1 YIN Fan 2 FAN Yi-min 3 WANG Li-xin 1 *

（1 College of Biology and Food Engineering，Changshu Institute of Technology，Changshu Jiangsu 215500； 2 College of Chemical and Material Engineering，Changshu Institute of Technology； 3 Zhongjing Village Committee of Yushan Town in Changshu City）

Abstract Taking similar purple root Eichhornia crassipes dealt by plant hormone and common Eichhornia crassipes as subject，liquid mixing agent was added to compare the ability of Eichhornia crassipes，the purple root Eichhornia crassipes and mixed agent Eichhornia crassipes and their different combination removing the ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus.The results showed that the similar purple root Eichhornia crassipes cultured with mixed agent had the best removal effect after 45 days′ treatment.Its ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 55% and total phosphorus removal rate could reach 85%.The removal effect with a little better was the purple root Eichhornia crassipes.The combination of common Eichhornia crassipes with mixed agent had better removal effect on removing the ammonia nitrogen.However，the worst removal effect was the group of culturing mixed agent only.Its total phosphorus removal rate reached 34% and ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 27%.

Key words similar purple root Eichhornia crassipes；microbiological mixed agent；ammonia nitrogen；total phosphorus；removal rate；comparison

鳳眼蓮（Eichhornia crassipes Mart.）俗稱水葫蘆，雨久花科鳳眼蓮屬，多年生漂浮性草本植物。水葫蘆生長繁殖快、耐污能力強，且能夠快速、高效地從水體中吸收氮磷營養鹽，同時水葫蘆根系能夠分泌大量的化感物質及具有抑制藻類生長等能力[1]，是最合適的快速移除水體中氮磷的水生生物[2]。但在實際應用中，由于水葫蘆超強繁殖能力往往會帶來很多負面作用。因此，對水葫蘆的誘導變異成為一項研究熱點。受云南那中元團隊對水葫蘆的誘導變異形成“巨紫根鳳眼蓮”啟發[3]，將前期研究利用萘乙酸誘導形成了根系長度可達25 cm以上的鳳眼蓮命名為“類紫根鳳眼蓮”[4]。

水生植物對環境的修復是環境、植物、根際微生物等多方面共同作用的結果。……