鄒莉
【摘要】“一帶一路”國家戰(zhàn)略是譯界盛事。“一帶一路”國家戰(zhàn)略的翻譯屬于商務(wù)英語翻譯范疇,具備多謂語動(dòng)詞,多四字短語,多長難句等重要的語言特征。因此謂語動(dòng)詞 的翻譯技巧對(duì)于“一帶一路”國家戰(zhàn)略的翻譯有著舉足輕重的作用。本文以三個(gè)極具代表性的例子為依托,淺談漢英謂語翻譯技巧在“一帶一路”國家戰(zhàn)略翻譯中的應(yīng)用。
【關(guān)鍵詞】“一帶一路” 謂語翻譯技巧 國家戰(zhàn)略翻譯
一、“一帶一路”戰(zhàn)略的翻譯意義
2013 年 9 月,國家主席習(xí)近平在出訪中亞和東南亞國家期間,先后提出共建“絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶”和“21 世紀(jì)海上絲綢之路”( 以下簡稱“一帶一路”) 重大倡議,引起全球長時(shí)間的持續(xù)高度關(guān)注和沿線國家的積極響應(yīng)(金玲 2015)。
二、漢英謂語翻譯技巧
1.連動(dòng)式作謂語。英語中最復(fù)雜,初學(xué)者最難掌握的就是動(dòng)詞和介詞。掌握漢英謂語翻譯技巧首先要了解連動(dòng)式作謂語。連動(dòng)式作謂語具體包括名詞連動(dòng),若干動(dòng)詞連動(dòng)和兼語式連動(dòng)。英語表達(dá)連動(dòng)的方式包括:(1)用不定式跟在某些動(dòng)詞之后;(2)少數(shù)動(dòng)詞(go,help,come)直接跟動(dòng)詞連用;(3)少數(shù)動(dòng)詞跟動(dòng)名詞連用;四,動(dòng)名詞和過去式作狀語表動(dòng)作。
2.連謂句。連謂句適合兩種情況,一是幾個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞都不長;二是此類動(dòng)詞不宜翻譯成英語非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。比如:他走到雷參謀跟前,抓住了他的手,緊捏了一下,又輕輕地捏著略有四五秒鐘,然后驀地甩開,回頭招呼周仲偉他們。參考譯文:He went up to colonel Lei, squeezed his hand, held a few seconds, then dropped it and turned to greet the others.
3.兼語式。兼語式主要是針對(duì)一些使役動(dòng)詞的翻譯。
4.詞性轉(zhuǎn)化。一,動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化成名詞或形容詞。例句:經(jīng)理感謝顧客們提出的寶貴意見。參考譯文:The manager is grateful to the customers for their valuable suggestions.二,動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化成介詞或者介詞短語。例句:我們不顧一切困難,挫折,堅(jiān)持戰(zhàn)斗。參考譯文:We kept fighting in spite of all difficulties and setbacks.
三、漢英謂語翻譯技巧在“一帶一路”國家戰(zhàn)略翻譯中的應(yīng)用
①千百年來,“和平合作、開放包容、互學(xué)互鑒、互利共贏”的絲綢之路精神薪火相傳,推進(jìn)了人類文明進(jìn)步,是促進(jìn)沿線各國繁榮發(fā)展的重要紐帶,是東西方交流合作的象征,是世界各國共有的歷史文化遺產(chǎn)。這一段話有多個(gè)動(dòng)詞,需靈活處理。首先合作,互學(xué)互鑒以及互利共贏屬于絲綢之路的精神,可采用詞性轉(zhuǎn)化的翻譯技巧,直接譯成名詞。薪火相傳,推進(jìn)和促進(jìn)句子較短,符合連謂句的特征,可采用連謂句的翻譯技巧,譯為三個(gè)并列的謂語動(dòng)詞。最后半句句意相對(duì)完整,可單獨(dú)成句,采用連動(dòng)式作謂語的翻譯技巧。綜上,參考譯文如下:
For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirit - "peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit" - has been passed from generation to generation, promoted the progress of human civilization, and contributed greatly to the prosperity and development of the countries along the Silk Road. Symbolizing communication and cooperation between the East and the West, the Silk Road Spirit is a historic and cultural heritage shared by all countries around the world.
②加快“一帶一路”建設(shè),促進(jìn)沿線各國經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮與區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作,加強(qiáng)不同文明交流互鑒,促進(jìn)世界和平發(fā)展,是一項(xiàng)造福世界各國人民的偉大事業(yè)。首先辨析邏輯關(guān)系,即加快“一帶一路”建設(shè)有助于促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)合作,加強(qiáng)交流,促進(jìn)和平,所以前半句可以采用連動(dòng)式作謂語的翻譯技巧,最后半句采用定語從句的形式巧妙地傳達(dá)了原文的意思。綜上,參考譯文如下:
Accelerating the building of the Belt and Road can help promote the economic prosperity of the countries along the Belt and Road and regional economic cooperation, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning between different civilizations, and promote world peace and development. It is a great undertaking that will benefit people around the world。
③倡導(dǎo)文明寬容,尊重各國發(fā)展道路和模式的選擇,加強(qiáng)不同文明之間的對(duì)話,求同存異、兼容并蓄、和平共處、共生共榮。四字動(dòng)詞短語并列是難點(diǎn)。首先倡導(dǎo),尊重,加強(qiáng)可采用連謂句的翻譯技巧。四個(gè)四字短語要采用意譯的翻譯策略。可采用連動(dòng)式作謂語的翻譯技巧以及詞性轉(zhuǎn)化的翻譯技巧。綜上,參考譯文如下:
It advocates tolerance among civilizations, respects the paths and modes of development chosen by different countries, and supports dialogues among different civilizations on the principles of seeking common ground while shelving differences and drawing on each others strengths, so that all countries can coexist in peace for common prosperity.
參考文獻(xiàn):
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