章瑜芳++柯細彤+李寶才+向誠+趙淞



[摘要]系統比較燈盞細辛注射液(DZXI)和燈盞花素注射液(DZSI)治療缺血性中風急性期臨床有效性和安全性。采用Meta分析和間接比較法(ITC),以復方丹參注射液(FDI)為中介,查找相關臨床隨機對照試驗(RCT),納入DZXI或DZSI對比FDI治療缺血性中風急性期的臨床RCTs文獻進行間接Meta分析。結果共納入文獻39篇,包括4 180個病例。Meta分析結果顯示:DZXI和DZSI在治療缺血性中風急性期的療效均優于FDI;通過間接比較,DZSI總有效率高于DZXI,具有顯著統計學差異[OR=0634,95%CI=(0432,0928),P<0000 01];而在改善神經功能缺損方面無明顯統計學差異;安全性方面,所納入的研究中DZXI不良反應率為114%,主要不良反應為頭脹、發熱、畏寒等;DZSI無明顯不良反應。目前有限的證據表明燈盞花素注射液總有效率和安全性高于燈盞細辛注射液;但由于所納入的RCT質量不高,全面評估二者的臨床作用特點仍需高質量的臨床試驗。
[關鍵詞]燈盞細辛注射液; 燈盞花素注射液; 缺血性中風; Meta分析; 間接比較
[Abstract]Erigeron breviscapus injection(DZXI) and Breviscapus injection(DZSI) are two popular injections in treatment of acute ischemic stroke in China Both of them are manufactured from a same herbal medicine, E breviscapus, but DZXI is an herbal extract(mixture) preparation and DZSI is a pure compound injection This article was aimed to systemically evaluate and compare their efficacy and safety in treatment of acute ischemic stroke The randomized controlled trials(RCTs) were collected for comparing DZXI and DZSI with Salvia miltiorrhiza injection(FDI) as the medium, and they were compared with indirect Metaanalysis(ITC) Thirtynine RCTs with 4 180 patients were included Metaanalysis results showed that both DZXI and DZSI had better efficacy than FDI in acute ischemic stroke In the indirect comparison, DZSI had a higher total efficacy than DZXI, with significantly statistical differences[OR=0634, 95%CI = (0432,0928), P<0000 01], but there was no significant difference in improvement of neurological deficit On the safety aspect, adverse reaction rate of DZXI was 114%, mainly including head swelling, fever and chills while DZSI had no significant adverse reactions The limited evidences in this study showed that Breviscapine injection had higher total efficiency and safety than E breviscapine injection, but due to the low quality of the included RCTs, these two medicines should be comprehensively compared in further highquality clinical trials
[Key words]Erigeron breviscapus injection; Breviscapus injection; ischemic stroke; Metaanalysis; indirect comparison
中風是一種常見腦血管疾病,分為缺血性中風和出血性中風,大多數中風(約占85%)屬于缺血性中風[1]。缺血性中風的發病機制主要是由于動脈粥樣硬化等形成血栓,使血管被完全或部分堵塞所致。缺血性中風具有發病率、致殘率、死亡率高的特點[2]。
燈盞細辛又名燈盞花, 系菊科飛蓬屬植物短葶飛蓬Erigeron breviscapus(Vant) HandMazz的干燥全草, 具有散寒解表、祛風除濕、活絡止痛的功效[3]。燈盞細辛注射液是燈盞花中酚酸類提取物,主要含有多種咖啡酰衍生物和以燈盞乙素為主的黃酮類成分,其中燈盞乙素約占1667%[4]。燈盞花素注射液是從燈盞細辛中提取出的黃酮類成分,主成分燈盞乙素含量在98%以上,是一類幾乎為單體化合物的中藥制劑[5]。燈盞細辛注射液的臨床常用劑量為每日20~40 mL,其中約含燈盞乙素8~24 mg,燈盞花素注射液的臨床常用劑量為每日20~50 mg [4]。兩藥在臨床上均可以治療缺血性中風,且均具有較好療效?!?br>