譚明琴
[摘要]目的 研究四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯治療變異性心絞痛的效果。方法 選擇2014年6月~2017年4月在淄博礦業集團有限責任公司中心醫院就診的74例變異性心絞痛患者,采用隨機數字表法分為聯合組和對照組,各37例。聯合組接受四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯治療,對照組接受單硝酸異山梨酯治療。治療過程中,觀察兩組的心絞痛發作頻率及持續時間,治療后2周,檢測兩組的心功能指標及血清細胞因子含量。結果 聯合組的心絞痛發作頻率顯著少于對照組,每次發作的持續時間顯著短于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。治療后2周時,聯合組的心功能指標CO、EF水平均顯著高于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05);聯合組血清中的TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1含量均顯著低于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯治療變異性心絞痛能夠減少心絞痛發作,改善心功能并抑制炎癥反應。
[關鍵詞]四逆湯;變異性心絞痛;心功能;炎癥反應;細胞因子
[中圖分類號] R541.4 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1674-4721(2017)10(b)-0121-03
[Abstract]Objective To study the efficacy of Sini Decoction combined with Isosorbide Mononitrate in the treatment of variant angina pectoris.Methods 74 patients with variant angina pectoris in the Central Hospital of Zibo Mining Group Co.,LTD. from June 2014 to April 2017 were selected and divided into the combination group and the control group by random number table method,37 cases in each group.The combination group was treated with Sini Decoction combined with Isosorbide Mononitrate,the control group was treated with Isosorbide Mononitrate.During the course of treatment,the frequency and duration of angina pectoris in the two groups were observed.2 weeks after treatment,cardiac function indexes and serum cytokines were determined in the two groups.Results The frequency of angina pectoris in the combined group was significantly less than that in the control group and the duration of each attack in the combined group was significantly shorter than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).After 2 weeks of treatment,cardiac function indexes CO,EF of the combination group was significantly higher than that of the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05);serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α),interleukin -6 (IL-6),intercellular adhesion molecule -1 (ICAM-1) contents in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the control group,with significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Sini Decoction combined with Isosorbide Mononitrate in the treatment of variant angina pectoris can reduce angina pectoris,improve heart function and inhibit inflammatory reaction.
[Key words]Sini Decoction;Variant angina pectoris;Heart function;Inflammatory reaction;Cytokine
變異性心絞痛是心絞痛的特殊類型,在安靜狀態下會出現心絞痛發作及心電圖ST段抬高,會增加急性心肌梗死的發生風險[1-5]。單硝酸異山梨酯是治療穩定型心絞痛的常用藥物,能夠有效擴張冠脈、增加心肌血流,但治療變異性心絞痛的效果并不理想[6-7]。中醫理論認為心絞痛屬于“胸痹”的范疇,痰濁血瘀、正氣虧虛是常見的病機。四逆湯出自張仲景的《傷寒雜病論》,具有化痰活血、回陽救逆的作用[8]。本研究旨在探討四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯治療變異性心絞痛的效果,現報道如下。
1資料與方法endprint
1.1一般資料
選擇2014年6月~2017年4月在淄博礦業集團有限責任公司中心醫院中醫科就診的74例變異性心絞痛患者,所有患者均符合變異性心絞痛的診斷標準且取得知情同意,排除既往有心肌梗死病史的患者、合并感染性疾病的患者。采用隨機數字表法將入選患者分為聯合組和對照組,各37例。聯合組中,男性22例,女性15例;年齡38~58歲,平均(45.2±5.4)歲。對照組中,男性20例,女性17例;年齡36~59歲,平均(45.9±5.7)歲。兩組的一般資料比較,差異無統計學意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。本研究經醫院醫學倫理委員會批準。
1.2治療方法
兩組患者均給予單硝酸異山梨酯治療,方法如下:20 mg單硝酸異山梨酯(宜昌三峽制藥有限公司,批號:20135A83)稀釋于200 ml生理鹽水中,靜脈滴注,連續治療2周。聯合組在上述治療的基礎上給予四逆湯加減治療,方法如下:炙甘草6 g、干姜9 g、附子10 g、枳殼10 g、陳皮10 g、丹參10 g、砂仁6 g、葛根30 g、玄胡30 g、川楝子10 g、瓜萎30 g、薤白10 g、桂枝10 g,水煎服,每日1劑,分2次服用,連續治療2周。
1.3觀察指標
1.3.1臨床情況觀察 觀察患者治療過程中心絞痛發作的頻率及每次發作的持續時間。
1.3.2心功能指標 治療后2周時,兩組患者均采用GE公司的彩超儀(型號:Voluson E8)進行心臟彩色多普勒超聲檢查,檢測心功能指標,具體包括心排出量(CO)、心臟射血分數(EF)。
1.3.3血清指標檢測 治療后2周時,采集兩組患者的肘靜脈血,離心分離血清并采用上海西唐生物公司的酶聯免疫吸附試劑盒測定腫瘤壞死因子-α(TNF-α,貨號F14054)、白細胞介素-6(IL-6,貨號F14912)、細胞間黏附分子-1(ICAM-1,貨號F12503)的含量。
1.4統計學方法
采用SPSS 20.0統計學軟件對數據進行分析,計量資料以x±s表示,采用t檢驗,以P<0.05為差異有統計學意義。
2結果
2.1兩組臨床情況的比較
聯合組的心絞痛發作頻率顯著少于對照組,每次發作的持續時間顯著短于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)(表1)。
2.2兩組心功能指標的比較
治療后2周時,聯合組的心功能指標CO、EF水平均顯著高于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)(表2)。
2.3兩組血清指標的比較
治療后2周時,聯合組血清中的TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1含量均顯著低于對照組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)(表3)。
3討論
四逆湯是具有化痰活血、回陽救逆作用的中藥湯劑,能夠針對心絞痛的中醫病機發揮治療作用。該方中附子具有回陽救逆、溫腎暖脾的功效,干姜具有化痰滯及回陽通脈的功效,甘草能夠和中益氣,一方面緩附子、干姜之燥熱,另一方面又助附子、干姜回陽救逆[9]。為了初步明確四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯治療變異性心絞痛的效果,本研究首先對臨床癥狀進行觀察,結果顯示,聯合組治療后2周時的心絞痛發作頻率顯著少于對照組,每次發作的持續時間顯著短于對照組,提示四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯能夠較單硝酸異山梨酯單藥治療更為有效地減少心絞痛發作。心絞痛反復發作會加重心肌缺血,影響心臟泵血功能[10-11]。本研究對兩組患者的心功能指標進行了分析,結果顯示,聯合組治療后2周時的CO、EF水平均顯著高于對照組,提示四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯能夠較單硝酸異山梨酯單藥治療更為有效地改善心功能。
在冠心病心絞痛的病程進展過程中,炎癥反應涉及冠狀動脈粥樣斑塊形成及性質改變的各個環節[12-15]。TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1是介導炎癥反應的重要細胞因子,TNF-α在炎癥反應的早期發生改變,既能直接造成斑塊性質改變,又能介導炎癥反應級聯激活[16-17];IL-6是具有多種生物學功能的細胞因子,參與炎癥反應和免疫應答的調控[18-19];ICAM-1是一類黏附分子,介導炎癥細胞在斑塊內的浸潤、聚集[20]。本研究通過分析血清中上述炎性因子的含量可知,聯合組治療后2周時血清中的TNF-α、IL-6、ICAM-1含量均顯著低于對照組,提示四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯能夠較單硝酸異山梨酯單藥治療更為有效地抑制變異性心絞痛病程中的炎癥反應,有利于穩定冠狀動脈粥樣硬化斑塊的性質。
綜上所述,四逆湯聯合單硝酸異山梨酯治療變異性心絞痛能夠減少心絞痛發作,改善心功能并抑制炎癥反應。
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