高職院校學(xué)生對艾滋病防治知識了解情況及其影響因素分析

汪芬 涂志斌

摘 ? 要：目的 ?研究高職院校學(xué)生對艾滋病防治知識了解情況及其影響因素。方法 ?按照隨機抽樣方式抽取江西省4所高職院校2016年9月～2018年9月的4995名高職院校學(xué)生作為研究對象，通過問卷調(diào)查方式收集學(xué)生的一般資料及對艾滋病防治知識的了解情況，分析其影響因素。結(jié)果 ?本研究共發(fā)放4995份調(diào)查問卷，回收4995份，有效率100.00%。其中高職院校學(xué)生的艾滋病防治知識得分中，3年級學(xué)生的得分高于1、2年級（P<0.05），醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)專業(yè)學(xué)生得分高于非醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生（P<0.05），接受過、參加過艾滋病宣傳的學(xué)生得分高于未接受、未參加過艾滋病宣傳的學(xué)生，差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。Logistic回歸方程分析可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)年級、專業(yè)、接受過艾滋病宣傳均是影響高職院校艾滋病防治知識的因素。結(jié)論 ?高職院校學(xué)生對艾滋病防治知識了解甚少，應(yīng)受到重點關(guān)注，學(xué)校應(yīng)盡早制定相關(guān)干預(yù)措施，來提高學(xué)生對艾滋病防治知識的認知程度。

關(guān)鍵詞：影響因素;高職院校;艾滋病;防治知識

中圖分類號：R512.91 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼：A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2018.24.031

文章編號：1006-1959（2018）24-0109-03

Abstract：Objective ?To study the knowledge of AIDS prevention and treatment among students in higher vocational colleges and its influencing factors. Methods ?According to the random sampling method， 4995 high vocational college students from 4 vocational colleges in Jiangxi Province from September 2016 to September 2018 were selected as research objects. The general information of students and knowledge about AIDS prevention and treatment were collected through questionnaire survey. Understand the situation and analyze its influencing factors. Results ?A total of 4，995 questionnaires were distributed in this study， and 4，995 copies were recovered， with an effective rate of 100.00%. Among the scores of AIDS prevention knowledge among students in higher vocational colleges， the scores of the third-grade students were higher than those of the first-grade and second-grade grades （P<0.05），the scores of medical-related majors were higher than those of non-medical students （P<0.05）. The scores of students who participated in AIDS propaganda were higher than those who did not participate in AIDS propaganda，the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Logistic regression equation analysis shows that the discovery of grade， professional， and AIDS publicity is a factor that affects AIDS prevention knowledge in higher vocational colleges. Conclusion ?Students in vocational colleges have little knowledge about AIDS prevention and treatment， and should be paid close attention. Schools should formulate relevant interventions as soon as possible to improve students' awareness of AIDS prevention knowledge.

Key words：Influencing factors;Higher vocational colleges;AIDS;Prevention knowledge

艾滋病（AIDS）屬于危害性極強的傳染性疾病，主要是由艾滋病病毒感染后造成。多發(fā)生于青壯年，早期癥狀并無明顯特征性，表現(xiàn)為持續(xù)性發(fā)熱、盜汗及虛弱等，部分患者伴有全身淋巴結(jié)腫大現(xiàn)象，若未及時發(fā)現(xiàn)并給予有效干預(yù)，隨著疾病進展，可能牽連呼吸道、消化道、皮膚黏膜及神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)受損，給患者帶來嚴重后果[1，2]。近年來，我國艾滋病患病率逐年升高，高校艾滋病流行趨勢嚴峻，每年新增感染者中15～24歲青少年約占50%，加上相當數(shù)量的感染者未被發(fā)現(xiàn)，因此艾滋病傳播的風(fēng)險因素持續(xù)存在，受到醫(yī)療界重點關(guān)注[3]。而高職院校是培養(yǎng)技術(shù)型人才的場所，若能夠提升高職院校內(nèi)學(xué)生對艾滋病防治知識的掌握程度，可控制感染傳播，減少疾病發(fā)生率，本文研究抽取江西省4所高職院校4995名學(xué)生作為研究對象，分析高職院校艾滋病防治知識及其影響因素，為盡早提出干預(yù)措施提供參考依據(jù)，現(xiàn)報告如下。……