胡宇樂
[摘要] 近年來國內幼兒性侵事件頻發,已成社會關注之焦點。該研究基于對幼兒性侵方面的國內外現有研究進行分析,分析主要立足于學齡前兒童的社會道德認知發展不成熟特性,國外在法律、相關機構以及教育體系上的懲處以及預防措施,我國相應的法律政策以及幼兒性教育發展的現狀3個方面;并通過向山東省濰坊市發放相關問題的調查問卷,發現我國幼兒性教育的缺失是導致悲劇頻發的重要原因之一。據此,該研究在山東省濰坊市某幼兒園進行教育實踐,分析實踐過程及成果,并就政府、家長、幼兒園及教師三方在完善法律、加大執法力度、完善心理干預和矯正制度、真正用心監護兒童、推廣幼兒性教育等方面提出對我國幼兒性教育發展的展望以及建議。
[關鍵詞] 學齡前兒童;性侵;預防;性教育
[中圖分類號] R47 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654(2018)01(c)-0185-05
Reflection and Reconstruction of Sex Education System of Pre-school Children
HU Yu-le
Nursing school, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100041 China
[Abstract] In recent years, the children sexual abuse events have frequently occurred, which has already been the focus of the society, and the paper analyzes the research status of infant sexual abuse at home and abroad based on the immature features of social morality recognition development, punishment and preventive measures in legal and relevant institutions and education system abroad, and corresponding legal policies and infant education development status in China, and the questionnaire of relevant problems of Weifang shows the infant education loss in China is a major cause of frequent tragedies, based on the above, the paper conducts the education practice of kindergarten in Weifang, analyzes the practice process and results and puts forwards the prospect and suggestion of infant education development in China from the aspects of improving laws by government, parents, kindergarten and teachers, increase the law enforcement force, improve the mental intervention and correction system, truly monitor children and promote the infant education.
[Key words] Pre-school children; Sexual abuse; Prevention; Sexual education
近年來,學齡前兒童性侵事件曝光率突增,引起社會與學界的廣泛關注與激烈討論。“2017年8月12日發生在南京南站候車室的成年男子當眾猥褻小女孩事件引發熱議”[1]。僅2016年媒體公開報道的性侵兒童(14歲以下)案件就多達433起,受害人778人(表述為多人受害但沒寫具體人數的,按3人計算),平均每天曝光1.21起。其中,受害者年齡最小的不到2歲,6歲及以下學齡前兒童共計125人[2]。大多數受害者選擇了沉默。這種沉默是源自于社會大環境的偏見,它造成的二次傷害,既隱形又壓抑,讓受害者及其家庭在訴諸法律后,卻不得不“負重前行”,受侵害往往成為了孩子的過錯。……