陳明
摘 要 高校思政課教學面臨的困境主要集中在外部環境、制度與體制對于教師教學動機與行動的約束,進而表現為教師身份、教學地位與課程內容的弱化。在這一背景下,思政課教師對自己身份、角色與發展定位模糊,在教學過程中缺少積極性、主動性與自我創造性。這一困境的解決,關鍵在于從考核體系改革、壓力型體制的糾偏、注重內容創新等方面糾正現有思政課教師在教學動機與行為上出現的偏差,著重打造質量課堂。注重教學質量,打造質量課堂,將成為未來中國思政課教學的發展方向。
關鍵詞 質量課堂 高校思政課 教學改革 教學動機
中圖分類號:G41 文獻標識碼:A DOI:10.16400/j.cnki.kjdks.2019.06.035
Returning to Quality Classroom: A Probe into the Reform Path of Ideological and Political Course Teaching in Colleges and Universities in the New Era
CHEN Ming
(Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079)
Abstract The predicament of Ideological and political teaching in Colleges and universities mainly lies in the restriction of external environment, system and system on teachers' teaching motivation and action, which is further manifested in the weakening of teachers' identity, teaching status and curriculum content. Under this background, ideological and political teachers have a vague orientation of their identity, role and development, and lack of enthusiasm, initiative and self-creativity in the teaching process. The key to solve this dilemma lies in correcting the deviations in the teaching motivation and behavior of the existing ideological and political teachers from the aspects of the reform of the assessment system, the correction of the pressure-based system, and the emphasis on content innovation, etc., and focusing on building a quality classroom. Paying attention to teaching quality and creating quality classroom will become the development direction of Ideological and political teaching in China in the future.
Keywords quality classroom; college Ideological and political class; teaching reform; teaching motivation
黨的十八大以來,習近平總書記圍繞培養什么人、怎樣培養人和為誰培養人這一根本問題,對學校思政課建設做出了一系列的戰略部署。在剛剛閉幕的學校思政課教師座談會中,習近平總書記強調“辦好思想政治理論課關鍵在教師,關鍵在發揮教師的積極性、主動性、創造性。”厘清當前思政課教學所面臨的困境必須首先以教師這一關鍵主體作為切入點,才能從本源上找到解決困境的方法。本文以高校思政課教學為具體研究對象,以高校思政課教師教學實踐為切入點,試圖從本源上回應當前高校思政課教學改革面臨的困境與出路。
1 當前高校思政課教學面臨的困境
作為高校思政課教師,其教學動機來源于自身對于其教學身份的自我評估,進而產生教學實踐與行動。這種自我評估受到各種復雜要素的影響,其中最主要因素包括社會環境、制度與體制,它們主要形塑了高校思政課教師對于教學其身份與功能的定位,并從根本上決定了高校思政課教學的質量。以此為切入點,當前高校思政課教學面臨的困境主要包括以下三個層面:
1.1 互聯網時代的去中心化——教師身份的弱化
我國目前已經進入互聯網時代,知識也開始進入數字化普及的時代,出現了去中心化的趨勢。傳統知識的傳播是通過以教師為主體的課堂進行的,教師是整個知識體系傳播的中心所在。教師在知識的傳播中擁有較高的甚至絕對的話語權,這種話語權本身形塑了教師的權威性身份。學生對于知識的需求進而轉化為對于教師的尊重、服從與崇拜。教師在這種尊重、服從與崇拜中初步建構了自己的角色、身份與責任。而在互聯網時代,學生可以在教師之外獲取更多的甚至更富有建設性的知識體系,知識傳播的中心逐漸消失了,與此相伴隨的是課堂的去權威化以及教師對于自身定位的模糊與迷失。
1.2 績效時代的去教學化——教學地位的弱化