崔曉瑩 張慶永 劉登勇 顧明月 王歡 馬勇 薄存美



摘 ?要:對(duì)德州扒雞的關(guān)鍵揮發(fā)性風(fēng)味物質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析及鑒定。通過(guò)電子鼻和氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)儀對(duì)德州扒雞的揮發(fā)性風(fēng)味物質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析,并計(jì)算各物質(zhì)的相對(duì)氣味活度值(relative odor activity value,ROAV)。結(jié)果表明:電子鼻檢測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn),德州扒雞中含有芳香烴化合物和含氮含硫化合物;GC-MS共檢測(cè)出54 種揮發(fā)性風(fēng)味物質(zhì),其中關(guān)鍵風(fēng)味化合物(ROAV≥1)包括壬醛(100.00)、癸醛(81.67)、己醛(38.94)、辛醛(19.29)、庚醛(14.50)、檸檬烯(14.08)、1-辛烯-3-醇(11.50)、2-戊基呋喃(10.14)、桉樹(shù)腦(9.71)、草蒿腦(5.69)、丁香酚(5.56)、芳樟醇(3.86)、α-蒎烯(3.08)和茴香腦(2.01);德州扒雞揮發(fā)性風(fēng)味物質(zhì)中烯烴類物質(zhì)種類最多,關(guān)鍵風(fēng)味化合物為醛類物質(zhì),肉香味、五香味和藥材香為德州扒雞的關(guān)鍵風(fēng)味。
關(guān)鍵詞:德州扒雞;電子鼻;頂空固相微萃取-氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用
Abstract: The key volatile flavor compounds of Dezhou braised chicken were analyzed and identified by electronic nose and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and their relative odor activity values (ROAV) were calculated. Aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrogen-containing sulfur compounds were detected in Dezhou braised chicken by electronic nose; 54 volatile flavor compounds were detected by GC-MS, of which the key flavor compounds (ROAV ≥ 1) were nonanal (100), decanal (81.67), hexanal (38.94), octanal (19.29), heptanal (14.50), limonene (14.08), 1-octene-3-ol (11.5), 2-pentanyl furan (10.14), eucalyptol (9.71), estragole (5.69), eugenol (5.56), linalool (3.86), α-pinene (3.08), and anethole (2.01). The number of olefins was the largest among the classes of volatile flavor compounds identified, and aldehydes were the key flavor compounds. The key flavor of Dezhou braised chicken included meaty, five-spice and medicinal herbal aroma.?
Keywords: Dezhou braised chicken; electronic nose; headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20190819-185
中圖分類號(hào):TS251.6 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號(hào):
德州扒雞是我國(guó)著名的傳統(tǒng)醬鹵肉制品之一,其具有金黃透亮、爪入雞膛、口銜雙翅的外型,鮮香馥郁、細(xì)嫩多汁的口感以及豐富的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值,深得消費(fèi)者喜愛(ài)。電子鼻是利用仿生學(xué)模仿人的鼻子,對(duì)目標(biāo)物的氣味和滋味進(jìn)行快速識(shí)別,并通過(guò)軟件進(jìn)行分析處理,得到可靠的目標(biāo)物信息,比人的嗅覺(jué)和味覺(jué)更加客觀和真實(shí)[1-2]。頂空固相微萃取-氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用法(headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,HS-SPME/GC-MS)測(cè)定風(fēng)味化合物有較高的準(zhǔn)確度和敏感度,可有效提取目標(biāo)物中的揮發(fā)性風(fēng)味物質(zhì)。白娟等[3]利用電子鼻對(duì)鲊肉粉風(fēng)味進(jìn)行分析,很好地區(qū)分出鲊肉粉風(fēng)味物質(zhì)的變化。徐寶才等[2]利用電子鼻對(duì)鹽水鴨風(fēng)味進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,并探尋出一種可以快速辨別不同品牌、類型和優(yōu)劣鹽水鴨的方法?!?br>