BECKMAN PK7300全自動(dòng)血型檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)可疑及錯(cuò)誤結(jié)果的原因分析

陳潔

[摘要] 目的 探討B(tài)ECKMAN PK7300 全自動(dòng)血型檢測(cè)分析系統(tǒng)可疑及錯(cuò)誤結(jié)果的原因。方法 回顧長(zhǎng)沙血液中心2018年6—9月的31 816例經(jīng)BECKMAN PK7300檢測(cè)的全血樣本的結(jié)果進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)，分析其一次性判斷成功率及失敗率和可疑結(jié)果的原因分析。結(jié)果 對(duì)于RHD血型一次性判讀正確率99.93%;ABO 血型一次性判讀成功率為99.04% ;失敗率為0.95%。可疑結(jié)果原因分析以標(biāo)本脂血為主要原因，其次還有凝血、有雜質(zhì)和加樣失敗、有氣泡等其他因素影響。結(jié)論 BCEKMAN PK700全自動(dòng)血型儀具有全自動(dòng)、高通量等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，檢測(cè)前的樣本質(zhì)量對(duì)檢測(cè)的結(jié)果影響尤為重要，做好檢測(cè)前、檢測(cè)中、檢測(cè)后的質(zhì)量控制是對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)質(zhì)量保證的關(guān)鍵因素。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 全自動(dòng)血型儀;一次性判讀成功率;質(zhì)量控制;血液安全

[中圖分類號(hào)] R446.1 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1672-5654（2020）02（b）-0172-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the causes of suspicious and erroneous results of the BECKMAN PK7300 automatic blood group detection and analysis system. Methods The results of 31，816 whole blood samples tested by BECKMAN PK7300 from June to September 2018 in Changsha Blood Center were reviewed for statistical analysis of the one-time judgment of success rate， failure rate， and cause analysis of suspicious results. Results The correct rate of one-time interpretation of RHD blood group was 99.93%; the success rate of one-time interpretation of ABO blood group was 99.04%; the failure rate was 0.95%. The main cause of the suspicious result analysis is the lipemia of the specimen， followed by other factors such as coagulation， impurities and sample failure， and air bubbles. Conclusion BCEKMAN PK700 automatic blood group meter has the advantages of full-automatic， high-throughput， etc. The quality of the sample before the test has a particularly important impact on the test results. Quality control before， during， and after the test is a key factor in ensuring the quality of the experiment.

[Key words] Automatic blood type meter; One-time interpretation success rate; Quality control; Blood safety

為保證臨床用血安全，血型的準(zhǔn)確鑒定是其首要前提。目前血型的臨床檢測(cè)方法主要有紙片法、試管法，微量微板法和全自動(dòng)血型儀檢測(cè)法，其中以試管法仍舊作為血型檢測(cè)的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，然而在血站的血液檢查工作中，由于標(biāo)本數(shù)量大，因而無(wú)法作為常規(guī)檢測(cè)方法，微量微板法對(duì)于大批量的樣本檢測(cè)時(shí)同樣存在費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力的缺點(diǎn)，且其結(jié)果需要人工判讀，無(wú)法保存，結(jié)果回溯性差。BECKMAN PK7300全自動(dòng)血型分析儀集自動(dòng)加樣、孵育、判讀、數(shù)據(jù)保存及全過(guò)程監(jiān)控為一體，具有全自動(dòng)、高通量等優(yōu)點(diǎn)外，其在不規(guī)則抗體和亞型篩選、測(cè)定 ABO血型抗體效價(jià)等方面也體現(xiàn)出較為卓越的性能[1]。但在其使用過(guò)程中會(huì)遇到無(wú)法判讀或者錯(cuò)誤判讀血型結(jié)果的情況，這對(duì)于血液安全有著重大影響，現(xiàn)將該中心于2018年6—9月采集的31 816標(biāo)本進(jìn)行回溯性分析，報(bào)道如下。……