



摘要:目的" 分析腹膜前腹腔鏡疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)(TAPP)與傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)對(duì)腹股溝斜疝患者術(shù)后應(yīng)激及近期生活質(zhì)量的影響。方法" 以2020年6月-2023年6月?lián)嶂菔信R川區(qū)第二人民醫(yī)院收治的106例腹股溝斜疝患者為研究對(duì)象,經(jīng)隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為T(mén)APP組(53例)和開(kāi)放組(53例)。TAPP組行TAPP治療,開(kāi)放組則采用傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)治療,比較兩組圍術(shù)期指標(biāo)[手術(shù)時(shí)間、術(shù)中出血量、術(shù)后疼痛視覺(jué)模擬評(píng)分(VAS)、術(shù)后下床活動(dòng)時(shí)間]、應(yīng)激指標(biāo)[血漿皮質(zhì)醇(Cor)、腎上腺素(AD)、C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)]、手術(shù)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況、生活質(zhì)量[世界衛(wèi)生組織生活質(zhì)量測(cè)定表簡(jiǎn)表(WHOQOL-BREF)]。結(jié)果" TAPP組手術(shù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)于開(kāi)放組,但術(shù)中出血量少于開(kāi)放組,術(shù)后VAS評(píng)分低于開(kāi)放組,術(shù)后下床活動(dòng)時(shí)間短于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05);兩組術(shù)后24 h的Cor、AD、CRP指標(biāo)均高于術(shù)前,但TAPP組Cor、AD、CRP指標(biāo)低于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05);TAPP組手術(shù)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05);兩組術(shù)后1個(gè)月WHOQOL-BREF(生理、心理、環(huán)境、社會(huì)關(guān)系)評(píng)分高于術(shù)前,且TAPP組術(shù)后WHOQOL-BREF(生理、心理、環(huán)境、社會(huì)關(guān)系)評(píng)分高于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05)。結(jié)論" TAPP與傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)均為腹股溝斜疝有效治療方式,前者術(shù)中出血更少、術(shù)后疼痛更小、恢復(fù)更快,可有效緩解術(shù)后應(yīng)激反應(yīng),降低手術(shù)并發(fā)癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn),改善患者近期生活質(zhì)量。
關(guān)鍵詞:腹膜前腹腔鏡疝修補(bǔ)術(shù);開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù);腹股溝斜疝;應(yīng)激反應(yīng);生活質(zhì)量
中圖分類號(hào):R656.2+1" " " " " " " " " " " " " " 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A" " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2024.17.023
文章編號(hào):1006-1959(2024)17-0113-04
Effect of Transabdominal Preperitoneal Prosthesis Repair and Traditional Open Hernia Repair
on Postoperative Stress and Recent Quality of Life in Patients with Indirect Inguinal Hernia
LI Guo-hua
(Department of Surgery,the Second People's Hospital of Linchuan District,F(xiàn)uzhou 344000,Jiangxi,China)
Abstract:Objective" To analyze the effects of transabdominal preperitoneal prosthesis (TAPP) repair and traditional open hernia repair on postoperative stress and recent quality of life in patients with indirect inguinal hernia.Methods" A total of 106 patients with indirect inguinal hernia admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Linchuan District, Fuzhou City from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the research objects. They were divided into TAPP group (53 patients) and open group (53 patients) by random number table method. The TAPP group was treated with TAPP, and the open group was treated with traditional open hernia repair. The perioperative indicators [operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), postoperative ambulation time], stress indicators [plasma cortisol (Cor), epinephrine (AD), C-reactive protein (CRP)], surgical complications, quality of life [World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF)] were compared between the two groups.Results" The operation time of the TAPP group was longer than that of the open group, but the intraoperative blood loss was less than that of the open group, the postoperative VAS score was lower than that of the open group, and the postoperative ambulation time was shorter than that of the open group (Plt;0.05). The Cor, AD and CRP indexes of the two groups at 24 h after operation were higher than those before operation, but the Cor, AD and CRP indexes of the TAPP group were lower than those of the open group (Plt;0.05). The incidence of surgical complications in the TAPP group was lower than that in the open group (Plt;0.05). The WHOQOL-BREF (physiological, psychological, environmental and social relations) scores of the two groups at 1 month after operation were higher than those before operation, and the WHOQOL-BREF (physiological, psychological, environmental and social relations) scores of the TAPP group were higher than those of the open group (Plt;0.05).Conclusion" Both TAPP and traditional open hernia repair are effective treatment methods for indirect inguinal hernia. The former has less intraoperative bleeding, less postoperative pain and faster recovery, which can effectively relieve postoperative stress response, reduce the risk of surgical complications and improve the recent quality of life of patients.
Key words:Transabdominal preperitoneal prosthesis repair;Open hernia repair surgery;Indirect inguinal hernia;Stress response;Quality of life
腹股溝斜疝(indirect inguinal hernia)為普外科常見(jiàn)疾病,多由腹腔臟器經(jīng)腹股溝管突出所致,可引發(fā)嵌頓、絞窄,導(dǎo)致腹痛、嘔吐等癥狀表現(xiàn),對(duì)患者身心健康及日常生活均造成了較大影響[1,2]。現(xiàn)階段,手術(shù)修補(bǔ)為腹股溝疝最有效治療方式,旨在借助外科手段完成疝囊分離、腹股溝修補(bǔ)等操作,以恢復(fù)腹腔正常解剖結(jié)構(gòu),促使病情轉(zhuǎn)歸[3,4]。臨床常用方案包括傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)與腹膜前腹腔鏡疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)(transabdominal preperitoneal prosthesis, TAPP),二者均具有確切療效,但其術(shù)后恢復(fù)效果存在較大差異[5,6]。在此,為了進(jìn)一步探究以上術(shù)式在腹股溝斜疝患者中的應(yīng)用價(jià)值,本研究結(jié)合2020年6月-2023年6月?lián)嶂菔信R川區(qū)第二人民醫(yī)院收治的106例腹股溝斜疝患者臨床資料,觀察TAPP與傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)對(duì)腹股溝斜疝患者術(shù)后應(yīng)激及近期生活質(zhì)量的影響,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1資料與方法
1.1一般資料" 選取2020年6月-2023年6月?lián)嶂菔信R川區(qū)第二人民醫(yī)院收治的106例腹股溝斜疝患者為研究對(duì)象,經(jīng)隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為T(mén)APP組(53例)和開(kāi)放組(53例)。TAPP組男49例,女4例;年齡32~68歲,平均年齡(47.68±4.59)歲。開(kāi)放組男50例,女3例;年齡32~68歲,平均年齡(47.68±4.59)歲。兩組性別、年齡比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(Pgt;0.05),具有可比性。所有患者均自愿參與本次研究,并簽署知情同意書(shū)。
1.2納入和排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)" 納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①符合腹股溝斜疝診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn);②單側(cè)發(fā)病;③具備TAPP術(shù)與開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)治療指征;④初次行疝修補(bǔ)手術(shù)治療。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):①?gòu)?fù)發(fā)疝、嵌頓性疝、難治性疝患者;②心肺功能或凝血功能障礙者;③合并腹腔感染患者;④免疫系統(tǒng)異常者。
1.3方法
1.3.1開(kāi)放組" 行傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)治療:患者取仰臥位,全身麻醉后,于腹股溝韌帶上作斜形切口(6~8 cm),顯露外環(huán)(腹內(nèi)斜肌、腹股溝韌帶、弓狀下緣),隨后分離腱膜,剪開(kāi)外環(huán),縱向分離提睪肌,暴露疝囊與腹壁缺陷,將疝內(nèi)容物還納腹腔后,游離并切斷疝囊,縫合腹壁缺陷邊緣,清洗手術(shù)區(qū)域后,逐層縫合切口,術(shù)畢。
1.3.2 TAPP組" 行TAPP治療:患者取仰臥位,全身麻醉后,于臍部下緣作弧形切口(1 cm),隨后置入Trocar(10 mm),建立氣腹,腹壓13~14 mmHg,依次于麥?zhǔn)宵c(diǎn)及反麥?zhǔn)宵c(diǎn)處置入2枚Trocar(5 mm)。完畢后,于疝缺損上緣2 cm處切開(kāi)腹膜,分離腹膜瓣,游離腹膜前間隙,充分顯露疝囊內(nèi)容物,于精索下剝離疝囊,精索腹壁化,隨后分離精索動(dòng)、靜脈,結(jié)扎后還納疝囊及疝內(nèi)容物,取適宜大小補(bǔ)片固定于腹膜前,確定所有肌恥骨孔覆蓋后,關(guān)閉腹膜,術(shù)畢。
1.4觀察指標(biāo)" 比較兩組圍術(shù)期指標(biāo)[手術(shù)時(shí)間、術(shù)中出血量、術(shù)后疼痛視覺(jué)模擬評(píng)分(VAS)、術(shù)后下床活動(dòng)時(shí)間]、應(yīng)激指標(biāo)[血漿皮質(zhì)醇(Cor)、腎上腺素(AD)、C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)]、手術(shù)并發(fā)癥(出血、感染、切口脂肪液化、陰囊血腫)、生活質(zhì)量[世界衛(wèi)生組織生活質(zhì)量測(cè)定表簡(jiǎn)表(WHOQOL-BREF)]。VAS[7]:共0~10分,分?jǐn)?shù)越高代表患者疼痛越嚴(yán)重。WHOQOL-BREF[8]:包括生理(0~28分)、心理(0~24分)、環(huán)境(0~32分)與社會(huì)關(guān)系(0~12分)4個(gè)維度,分?jǐn)?shù)越高表示患者生活質(zhì)量越好。
1.5統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法" 采用SPSS 21.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理,計(jì)量資料以(x±s)表示,組間行t檢驗(yàn)對(duì)比;計(jì)數(shù)資料以[n(%)]表示,組間行χ2檢驗(yàn)對(duì)比。以Plt;0.05表明差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2結(jié)果
2.1兩組圍術(shù)期指標(biāo)比較" TAPP組手術(shù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)于開(kāi)放組,但術(shù)中出血量少于開(kāi)放組,術(shù)后VAS評(píng)分低于開(kāi)放組,術(shù)后下床活動(dòng)時(shí)間短于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05),見(jiàn)表1。
2.2兩組應(yīng)激指標(biāo)比較" 兩組術(shù)后24 h的Cor、AD、CRP指標(biāo)均高于術(shù)前,但TAPP組Cor、AD、CRP指標(biāo)低于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05),見(jiàn)表2。
2.3兩組手術(shù)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況比較" TAPP組手術(shù)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05),見(jiàn)表3。
2.4兩組生活質(zhì)量比較" 兩組術(shù)后1個(gè)月WHOQOL-BREF(生理、心理、環(huán)境、社會(huì)關(guān)系)評(píng)分高于術(shù)前,且TAPP組術(shù)后WHOQOL-BREF(生理、心理、環(huán)境、社會(huì)關(guān)系)評(píng)分高于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05),見(jiàn)表4。
3討論
腹股溝斜疝為腹外疝常見(jiàn)類型,其發(fā)病機(jī)制復(fù)雜,多與腹壁強(qiáng)度降低、腹內(nèi)壓增高等原因有關(guān),若未及時(shí)治療,可導(dǎo)致腸壞死、彌漫性腹膜炎等不良后果,對(duì)患者生活質(zhì)量造成了嚴(yán)重影響[9,10]。據(jù)研究指出[11],一歲以上疝氣患者大多無(wú)法自愈,需借助外科手段修復(fù)腹壁缺陷,同時(shí)完成臟器的重新定位,以消除疝囊,達(dá)到治愈目的。開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)為腹外疝傳統(tǒng)治療術(shù)式,可于直視下完成腹壁修補(bǔ)與臟器回納操作,其視野寬廣、操作直觀,對(duì)多種腹外疝疾病均具有確切治療作用[12,13]。但該術(shù)式創(chuàng)傷較大,患者術(shù)后應(yīng)激明顯,易伴發(fā)多種并發(fā)癥問(wèn)題,不利于預(yù)后康復(fù)質(zhì)量的改善[14,15]。TAPP為當(dāng)前常用的微創(chuàng)腹股溝疝修補(bǔ)方案,可借助腹腔鏡技術(shù),在封閉條件下完成修補(bǔ)與復(fù)位操作,避免了腹腔暴露引起的感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn),且手術(shù)創(chuàng)傷小、術(shù)后恢復(fù)快,在腹外疝治療中可發(fā)揮理想微創(chuàng)優(yōu)勢(shì)[16,17]。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,TAPP組手術(shù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)于開(kāi)放組,但術(shù)中出血量少于開(kāi)放組,術(shù)后VAS評(píng)分低于開(kāi)放組,術(shù)后下床活動(dòng)時(shí)間短于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05),提示TAPP與傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)的圍術(shù)期特點(diǎn)存在差異,前者手術(shù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng),但術(shù)后疼痛更小、下床更快,與李瑞斌等[18]研究相符。分析認(rèn)為,TAPP的手術(shù)難度相對(duì)較大,且操作空間有限,因此手術(shù)時(shí)間明顯更長(zhǎng);另一方面,與傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)相比,TAPP的外科創(chuàng)傷更小,安全性更高,由此引起的手術(shù)疼痛相對(duì)較輕,因而術(shù)后下床時(shí)間明顯更早[19,20]。兩組術(shù)后24 h的Cor、AD、CRP指標(biāo)均高于術(shù)前,但TAPP組Cor、AD、CRP指標(biāo)低于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05),可見(jiàn)與傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)相比,TAPP引起的手術(shù)應(yīng)激反應(yīng)更輕,這與TAPP手術(shù)的微創(chuàng)優(yōu)勢(shì)存在直接關(guān)聯(lián)。此外,TAPP組手術(shù)并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05),表明TAPP可有效降低患者的手術(shù)并發(fā)癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn),其安全性高于傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)。究其原因,TAPP可保證外科操作空間的封閉性,避免手術(shù)暴露引起的并發(fā)癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn),且該術(shù)式創(chuàng)傷較小,其手術(shù)應(yīng)激反應(yīng)相對(duì)更輕,可一定程度上保證患者圍術(shù)期血流動(dòng)力學(xué)的穩(wěn)定性,降低其體征波動(dòng)導(dǎo)致的不良風(fēng)險(xiǎn),為患者術(shù)后康復(fù)質(zhì)量的改善提供有利條件[21,22]。兩組術(shù)后1個(gè)月WHOQOL-BREF(生理、心理、環(huán)境、社會(huì)關(guān)系)評(píng)分高于術(shù)前,且TAPP組術(shù)后WHOQOL-BREF(生理、心理、環(huán)境、社會(huì)關(guān)系)評(píng)分高于開(kāi)放組(Plt;0.05),表明TAPP對(duì)患者生活質(zhì)量具有積極改善作用,其效果優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放手術(shù),這與其術(shù)后恢復(fù)更快、并發(fā)癥更少等原因有關(guān)。
綜上所述,TAPP與傳統(tǒng)開(kāi)放疝修補(bǔ)術(shù)均為腹股溝斜疝有效治療方式,前者術(shù)中出血更少、術(shù)后疼痛更小、恢復(fù)更快,可有效緩解術(shù)后應(yīng)激反應(yīng),降低手術(shù)并發(fā)癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn),改善患者近期生活質(zhì)量。
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收稿日期:2023-09-26;修回日期:2023-10-08
編輯/杜帆