汪新宇 陳曉旭 姜大宇
【摘要】 目的 探討早期顱骨修補手術指征及選擇合適手術時機。方法 選取去骨瓣減壓術后患者42例, 采用雙抗體夾心酶聯免疫吸附試驗(ELISA)檢測術前及術后15、30、45、60、75、90 d外周靜脈血中堿性成纖維細胞生長因子(bFGF)、血管內皮生長因子(VEGF)水平。結果 42例患者術后15、30、45、60、75、90 d bFGF分別為(24.12±5.10)、(32.71±5.35)、(50.16±5.80)、(75.75±6.00)、(22.73±6.10)、(19.61±6.17)ng/L, 均高于術前的(12.35±5.00)ng/L, 差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。術后30 d bFGF反應強度有變化, 術后45 d增強明顯, 術后60 d進一步增加并達到高峰, 然后開始下降。術后15 、30 、45 、60 、75 、90 d VEGF均高于術前, 差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。術后15 d VEGF反應強度有變化, 術后45 d達到高峰, 此后開始逐漸下降。結論 術后45 d后硬腦膜和肌皮瓣創面新生血管處于高峰期, 如此時選擇顱骨修補可能出現創面新生血管豐富、滲血較多, 而術后75 d后bFGF、VEGF反應強度明顯下降, 此時手術可能取得較好效果。
【關鍵詞】 堿性成纖維細胞生長因子;血管內皮生長因子;去骨瓣減壓術
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2017.25.008
【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the indications of early cranioplasty and the appropriate timing of operation. Methods A total of 42 patients with decompressive craniectomy were selected, and double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in peripheral venous blood before operation and 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after operation. Results 42 patients had bFGF 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after operation respectively as (24.12±5.10), (32.71±5.35), (50.16±5.80), (75.75±6.00), (22.73±6.10) and (19.61±6.17) ng/L,
which were all higher than (12.35±5.00) and (43.90±11.25) ng/L before operation, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The intensity of bFGF reaction changed at 30 days after operation. The intensity of bFGF was significantly increased at 45 days after operation and reached the peak at 60 days after operation, and then began to decrease. Patients had higher VEGF at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 days after operation than before operation, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05). The intensity of VEGF reaction changed at 15 days after operation, and reached its peak at 45 days after operation, and then began to decrease. Conclusion The dura and muscle flap wound neovascularization is in the peak at 45 d after operation, and if the skull repair is performed at this time, the wound may be rich in new blood vessels and more oozing of blood. But the response intensity of bFGF and VEGF will decrease obviously 75 d after operation, and this time surgery may achieve good results.
【Key words】 Basic fibroblast growth factor; Vascular endothelial growth factor; Decompressive craniectomy
去骨瓣減壓術是搶救腦疝患者的有效治療措施, 挽救了不少患者的生命。但因長期顱骨缺損大都導致一系列并發癥引起神經外科醫師的重視[1]。本文通過檢測bFGF、VEGF在去骨瓣減壓術后患者血液中的表達, 分析不同時間窗下二者表達情況, 進一步探討早期顱骨修補手術指征及選擇合適手術時機。endprint
1 資料與方法
1. 1 一般資料 隨機選取2014年3月~2016年12月本科收治的去骨瓣減壓術后患者42例。致病原因:車禍顱腦外傷11例, 高處墜落傷8例, 高血壓性腦出血20例, 動脈瘤3例;
術后顱骨缺損面積4 cm×4 cm~12 cm×12 cm。
1. 2 方法 ①標本采集:所有患者均于術前及術后15、30、45、60、75、90 d取外周靜脈血5 ml, 室溫下靜置30 min, 再3000 r/min離心10 min, 留取血清于-70℃冰箱儲存備用。②檢測指標:均采用雙抗體夾心ELISA檢測法檢測bFGF、VEGF, 測定均嚴格按照試劑說明書, 由檢驗科專業人員進行操作。
1. 3 統計學方法 采用SPSS20.0統計學軟件進行數據統計分析。計量資料以均數±標準差( x-±s)表示, 采用t檢驗。P<0.05表示差異具有統計學意義。
2 結果
42例患者術后15、30、45、60、75、90 d bFGF分別為(24.12± 5.10)、(32.71±5.35)、(50.16±5.80)、(75.75±6.00)、(22.73± 6.10)、(19.61±6.17)ng/L, 均高于術前的(12.35±5.00)ng/L, 差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。術后30 d bFGF反應強度有變化, 術后45 d增強明顯, 術后60 d進一步增加并達到高峰, 然后開始下降。術后15、30、45、60、75、90 d VEGF均高于術前, 差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。術后15 d VEGF反應強度有變化, 術后45 d達到高峰, 此后開始逐漸下降。見表1。
3 討論
顱骨缺損易合并顱骨缺損綜合征, 表現為頭痛、頭暈、怕聲響、怕震動、注意力不集中、易疲勞、焦慮、憂郁以及不能忍受的局部腦震動;……