【摘 要】 目前,中國正面臨由特朗普政府挑起貿易戰的嚴峻形勢。特朗普政府發動貿易戰最根本的原因是國內利益分配缺乏有效的治理機制和控制手段導致的利益分配不均,自身問題被特朗普政府轉嫁到外部環境,在獲取政治選票的基礎上打破規則并脅迫他國讓渡更多利益,這是特朗普政府發動貿易戰的基本邏輯。此次貿易戰是對國際已有貿易規則的破壞,弱化合理規則的存在,無視經濟發展規律,勢必將引發世界經濟格局的震蕩。中國要保持戰略定力,對貿易戰進行系統分析并制定策略精準回擊,做出適度讓步。同時進一步的開放發展,以爭取更多的話語權。爭取中美貿易“雙贏”,將貿易戰從根源上逐步弱化,最終實現貿易雙贏的局面。
【關鍵詞】 貿易戰 貿易關系 貿易利益 應對策略
Abstract: at present, China is facing the grim situation of provoked trade war by the Trump administration. The most fundamental reason why Trump government launched the trade war is the uneven distribution of interests caused by the lack of effective governance mechanism and control means in the distribution of domestic interests. Trump government transferred its own problems to the external environment, broke the rules on the basis of obtaining political votes and coerced other countries to transfer more interests. This is Trump government. The basic logic of launching a trade war. This trade war is the destruction of the existing international trade rules, weakening the existence of reasonable rules, ignoring the laws of economic development, will inevitably lead to the shocks of the world economic pattern. China should maintain its strategic strength, systematically analyze the trade war, formulate a precise counterattack strategy and make appropriate concessions. At the same time, we should further open up and develop in order to gain more discourse power. We should strive for a "win-win" situation in Sino-US trade, gradually weaken the trade war from the root, and ultimately achieve a win-win situation in trade.
Key words: trade war, trade relations, trade interests, coping strategies
美國當地時間2017年1月20日中午,美國第45任總統特朗普( Donald Trump)在美國華盛頓宣誓就職。特朗普是一位極富民粹主義思想的“政治素人”,同時他的執政主張也帶有隱晦的種族主義和反全球化思想,其執政風格和執政方向增加了美國經濟發展的不確定性,而作為世界經濟重要組成部分的經濟策略將影響世界經濟發展,其中這種不確定性對中美經濟貿易關系產生了較大的影響[1]。
北京時間2018年3月23日凌晨,特朗普政府打響了對華貿易戰的第一槍,簽署總統備忘錄擬對中國部分進口美國產品加征關稅(涉及中國對美出口商品約600億美元),同時限制中國企業對美國進行投資及并購。……