惠州市體檢人群慢性腎臟病患病率及相關危險因素

李幼奇　劉珍珍　石詠軍　劉冠賢

【摘要】 目的：探討廣東省惠州市成年體檢人群慢性腎臟病（CKD）的患病率及相關危險因素。

方法：選取2015年4-8月本院進行體檢的成年人1 645例，通知尿檢結果異常及血肌酐升高者3個月后復查，分析CKD患病情況及相關影響因素。結果：本研究中CKD、蛋白尿、血尿、eGFR下降發生率分別為7.36%、4.50%、2.80%、2.13%，CKD 1～5期占比分別為42.15%、28.10%、23.97%、1.65%、4.13%;男性蛋白尿、eGFR下降及CKD患病率均高于女性（P<0.05），不同年齡受試者蛋白尿、血尿、eGFR下降、CKD患病率比較，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）;CKD組男性比例、>60歲者比例、高血壓發生率均高于非CKD組（P<0.05）;二分類Logistic回歸分析顯示，男性、年齡、高血壓為CKD患病的危險因素（P<0.05）。結論：惠州市成年體檢人群CKD的患病率為7.36%，男性、年齡、高血壓為CKD患病的危險因素。

【關鍵詞】 慢性腎臟病; 流行病學; 患病率; 危險因素

Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Health Checkup Population in Huizhou City/LI Youqi，LIU Zhenzhen，SHI Yongjun，et al.//Medical Innovation of China，2019，16（22）：0-079

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease（CKD）in adult population who receiving body check in Huizhou city.Method：A total of 1645 adults who underwent physical examination in our hospital from April to August 2015 were selected.The patients with abnormal urine test results and elevated serum creatinine were notified for reexamination 3 months later.The prevalence of CKD and its related factors were analyzed.Result：The incidence of CKD，proteinuria，hematuria and eGFR decreased by 7.36%，4.50%，2.80% and 2.13% respectively.The percentage of CKD in the first to fifth stages was 42.15%，28.10%，23.97%，1.65% and 4.13%，respectively.The prevalence of proteinuria，eGFR decreased and CKD in males was higher than those of females（P<0.05）.The prevalence of proteinuria，hematuria，decreased eGFR and CKD in subjects of different ages were compared，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Male，the proportion of people over 60 years old and the incidence of hypertension in CKD group were higher than those of non-CKD group（P<0.05）.Logistic analysis showed that male，age and hypertension were risk factors for CKD（P<0.05）.Conclusion：The prevalence of CKD was 7.36% among adults in Huizhou，male，age and hypertension were risk factors for CKD.

【Key words】 Chronic kidney disease; Epidemiology; Prevalence rate; Risk factors

First-authors address：Huizhou Municipal Central Hospital，Huizhou 516001，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.22.020

慢性腎臟病（chronic kidney disease，CKD）日漸成為突出的公共健康疾病，據推算，我國每年為終末期腎病患者透析治療支付約2400億人民幣[1]，慢性腎臟疾病的治療已成為我國及世界公共衛生系統的巨大負擔，延緩CKD進展為終末期腎病，早期防治意義重大。CKD的流行病學調查利于增強人們對CKD流行特點的認識，利于疾病的早期防治。國內外開展大規模CKD的流行病學調查已有10年余，早在2007年廣州就開展了廣州市普通人群CKD的流行病學調查[2]，而惠州市目前尚無相關調查研究。本研究以惠州市中心人民醫院成年體檢人群為調查對象，了解惠州市體檢人群中CKD的流行病學特點，為惠州市CKD的防治提供指導，現報道如下。