兩種護理模式改善母嬰同室產婦心理狀態及對提高優質護理效果的價值研究

趙婷 陳燕

【摘要】 目的：研究兩種護理模式改善母嬰同室產婦心理狀態及對提高優質護理效果的價值。方法：選取2017年4月-2018年8月本院母嬰同室產婦86例，按照母嬰同室順序依次排號，利用SPSS 17.0軟件，通過隨機數字發生器，將單號產婦歸為觀察組，雙號為對照組，各43例。對照組采用傳統護理溝通模式，觀察組采用AIDET溝通模式。觀察和記錄護理前后兩組產婦心理狀態（抑郁、焦慮評分）、母嬰同室期間并發癥發生率及角色適應率、母乳喂養率、乳汁分泌開始時間、第2天乳汁分泌量、乳房腫脹程度、護理滿意度。結果：治療后，兩組產婦EPDS、SAS評分均低于治療前，且觀察組均低于對照組，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。觀察組產婦角色適應率高于對照組，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）;母嬰同室期間產褥感染、溢奶發生率均低于對照組，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。觀察組母乳喂養率和乳汁分泌開始時間<24 h、第2天乳汁分泌量足量、乳房Ⅰ度腫脹發生率均高于對照組，差異均有統計學意義（P<0.05）。觀察組產婦及家屬護理滿意度為93.02%，高于對照組的72.09%，差異有統計學意義（P<0.05）。結論：AIDET溝通模式在母嬰同室護理中使用效果顯著，能有效建立良好的護患關系，利于調整產婦不良心理狀態，使其快速適應環境變化，從而完成角色轉變;且AIDET溝通模式符合目前“以病人為中心”的護理服務理念，值得臨床推廣。

【關鍵詞】 母嬰同室 產婦 心理狀態 AIDET溝通模式 護理效果

[Abstract] Objective： To study the value of two nursing modes to improve maternal and childs mental state and improve the effect of quality nursing. Method： A total of 86 maternal and infant patients in our hospital from April 2017 to August 2018 were selected. According to the sequence of mother and baby in the room， using SPSS 17.0 software， through the random number generator， the single parturient was classified as the observation group and the double parturient as the control group， 43 cases in each group. The control group was given traditional nursing communication， the observation group adopted AIDET communication mode. Before and after nursing， maternal psychological status （depression and anxiety score）， complication rate and role adaptation rate， breastfeeding rate， milk secretion start time， milk secretion amount at the 2nd day， breast swelling degree， and nursing satisfaction were observed and recorded. Result： After treatment， EPDS and SAS scores were lower than those of before treatment in both groups， the observation group were lower than those in the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The maternal role adaptation rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The incidence of puerperal infection and milk overflow during the period of maternal and infant coterie were lower than those of the control group， the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Observation group breastfeeding rates and milk at start time <24 h，?2 d milk secretion enough， breast Ⅰ incidence degree of swelling were higher than those of the control group， all the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Nursing satisfaction of maternals and their families in the observation group was 93.02%， higher than 72.09% of the control group， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion： AIDET communication mode has a significant effect in the use of maternal and infant in-room nursing， and can effectively establish a good nurse-patient relationship， which is conducive to adjusting the poor mental state of maternal and female， making them quickly adapt to the changes in the environment， so as to complete the role change; AIDET communication mode conforms to the current “patient-centered” nursing service concept， which is worthy of clinical promotion.[Key words] Maternal and child room Maternal Mental state AIDET communication mode Nursing effectFirst-authors address： Shanghai Changning District Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Shanghai 200051， China

母嬰同室是指嬰兒出生后24 h內將其與產婦安置于同一房間，由護理人員或家屬對其進行相應護理性指導和照料且各項操作時間致產婦與嬰兒分離時間不足1 h/d的指定安排[1-2]。研究顯示此種方法利于嬰兒心理需求滿足，且有利于早期進行母乳喂養與按需哺乳等，更有助于嬰兒生長發育和產婦機體功能恢復。尤其近年來隨著“以病人為中心”的服務理念提出及“人性化”護理模式的倡導，諸多醫院產科病房已從傳統的母嬰分離管理模式轉變為母嬰同室管理模式[3];但隨著母嬰同室的大量開展，諸如問題日益凸顯，如母嬰同室后產婦心理狀態變化、睡眠質量下降和醫院感染等，嚴重影響了母嬰同室所應達到的預期效果[4]?！?br>