T管引流管術(shù)在肝膽外科臨床護(hù)理中的教學(xué)探討

葉敏

[摘要] 目的 總結(jié)分析肝膽外科臨床護(hù)理中T管引流管術(shù)的教學(xué)方法及效果。方法 選取在該院肝膽外科實(shí)習(xí)的80名護(hù)理專業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)生作為該次研究對(duì)象，選取時(shí)間段為2017年1月—2019年1月，隨機(jī)將80名實(shí)習(xí)生分為兩組，即對(duì)照組（40名）、觀察組（40名），將常規(guī)教學(xué)方法應(yīng)用于對(duì)照組，觀察組采用臨床路徑教學(xué)法進(jìn)行教學(xué)，對(duì)兩組教學(xué)效果進(jìn)行比較。結(jié)果 與對(duì)照組相比，觀察組護(hù)理實(shí)習(xí)生的理論筆試成績(jī)、技能成績(jī)均更佳（P<0.05）;且與對(duì)照組相比，觀察組實(shí)習(xí)生對(duì)帶教工作的滿意度要高（P<0.05）;觀察組實(shí)習(xí)生的綜合能力、專業(yè)素質(zhì)高于對(duì)照組（P<0.05）。結(jié)論 在肝膽外科臨床護(hù)理中采用臨床路徑教學(xué)法，對(duì)護(hù)理實(shí)習(xí)生講解T管引流管術(shù)相關(guān)的知識(shí)，并指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行護(hù)理與臨床觀察，能使學(xué)生真正掌握T管引流管術(shù)的原理及護(hù)理方法，有助于提高教學(xué)整體水平。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 引流管術(shù);肝膽外科;臨床護(hù)理;教學(xué)T管

[中圖分類號(hào)] R47 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1672-5654（2020）01（c）-0133-03

[Abstract] Objective To summarize and analyze the teaching methods and effects of T tube drainage tube in clinical nursing of hepatobiliary surgery. Methods 80 nursing intern trainees who had undergone hepatobiliary surgery in the hospital were selected as the subject of this study. The time period was from January 2017 to January 2019. 80 interns were randomly divided into two groups， the control group （40 cases）， observation group （40 cases）， the conventional teaching method was applied to the control group， the observation group used the clinical path teaching method to teach， and the teaching effects of the two groups were compared. Results Compared with the control group， the observation group's theoretical written test scores and technical performance were better（P<0.05）; compared with the control group， the observation group's interns were more satisfied with the teaching work（P<0.05）; the comprehensive ability and professional quality of the intern in the observation group were higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical path teaching method is used in the clinical nursing of hepatobiliary surgery， explaining the relevant knowledge of T-tube drainage tube surgery to nursing interns and guide students to carry out nursing and clinical observation. It will enable students to truly master the principles and nursing of T-tube drainage tube surgery methods， which will help to improve the overall level of teaching.

[Key words] T-tube drainage tube; Hepatobiliary surgery; Clinical nursing; Teaching

在肝膽外科術(shù)后放置T型引流管，不僅能夠達(dá)到膽汁的引流效果，其對(duì)膽道起到支撐作用，在防止患者術(shù)后引發(fā)相關(guān)并發(fā)癥，使患者術(shù)后康復(fù)得以促進(jìn)。在膽總管切開(kāi)取石術(shù)中，在膽總管下端通暢者取石后放置T管，其能夠達(dá)到良好的預(yù)后效果，其不僅能夠達(dá)到膽汁、殘余泥沙樣結(jié)石的引流效果，還能起著膽道的支撐效果[1]。因此，對(duì)于肝膽外科臨床護(hù)理實(shí)習(xí)生來(lái)說(shuō)，掌握T管引流管術(shù)的相關(guān)護(hù)理方法十分重要。該次研究選取2017年1月—2019年1月在該院肝膽外科實(shí)習(xí)的80名護(hù)理專業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)生作為該次研究對(duì)象，主要對(duì)T管引流管術(shù)在肝膽外科臨床護(hù)理中的教學(xué)進(jìn)行探討，現(xiàn)將研究結(jié)果報(bào)道如下。

1? 資料與方法

1.1? 一般資料

該次研究共納入肝膽外科實(shí)習(xí)的80名護(hù)理專業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)生作為研究主體，其中有36名為五年制本科班，44名為三年制大專班，隨機(jī)將其分為40名對(duì)照組、40名觀察組;均由本科學(xué)歷、臨床經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的護(hù)師進(jìn)行帶教，兩組實(shí)習(xí)生的一般資料差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05），可比性較高。