劉強(qiáng) 張灑灑 楊倫慶 朱嬋 歐婷
摘要:為進(jìn)一步控制廣東的碳排放量 ,促進(jìn)廣東乃至全國(guó)的生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)和節(jié)能減排工作 , 文章分析廣東發(fā)展藍(lán)色碳匯的基礎(chǔ)、存在的問(wèn)題和可借鑒的經(jīng)驗(yàn) , 并提出對(duì)策建議。研究結(jié)果表明:廣東的海洋資源稟賦優(yōu)越、海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力雄厚、海洋科技創(chuàng)新能力突出、碳匯交易基礎(chǔ)扎實(shí)且國(guó)際合作優(yōu)勢(shì)明顯 ,具有發(fā)展藍(lán)色碳匯的優(yōu)質(zhì)條件;面對(duì)廣東發(fā)展藍(lán)色碳匯存在的政策、技術(shù)、平臺(tái)和生態(tài)環(huán)境等方面的問(wèn)題 ,借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn) ,未來(lái)廣東發(fā)展藍(lán)色碳匯應(yīng)完善綜合管理體制、構(gòu)建技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系、建立新型經(jīng)濟(jì)模式、做好生態(tài)保護(hù)修復(fù)、建立健全交易機(jī)制和深化“一帶一路”合作。
關(guān)鍵詞:藍(lán)色碳匯;海洋碳匯;碳排放權(quán)交易;生態(tài)環(huán)境;國(guó)際合作
中圖分類號(hào):P74????? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A?????? 文章編號(hào):1005-9857(2021)12-0074-06
The Development Strategy of Blue Carbon Sink in Guangdong
LIU Qiang,ZHANG Sasa,YANG Lunqing,ZHU Chan,OU Ting
(Guangdong Marine Development Planning Research Center,Guangzhou 510220,China)
Abstract:In order to further control the carbon emission in Guangdong and promote the ecologicalenvironment protection,energy saving and emission reduction in Guangdong and even the wholecountry, this paper analyzed the basis, existing problems and referential experiences ofdeveloping blue carbon sink in Guangdong, and put forward some suggestions. The resultsshowed that Guangdong had excellent conditions for developing blue carbon sinks due to its superior ocean resources, powerful ocean economic, outstanding ocean science and technology innovation ability, solid trading foundation of carbon sink and obvious international cooperation advantages. Facing with the problems of policy, technology, platform, and the ecological environmentin blue carbon sink development of Guangdong, the future development should be improved inthe comprehensive management system, should construct technical standard system, establishnew type of economic pattern, try their best in environmental ecological restoration, establishand complete a sound trading mechanism and deepen the cooperation within the Belt and Road Initiative, while learning from relevant experience at home and abroad.
Keywords:Bluecarbon sink, Ocean carbon sink, Carbon emision rights trading, Ecological environment,Internationalcooperation
0 引言
海洋在全球的碳循環(huán)中發(fā)揮重要作用 ,是地球上最大的活躍碳庫(kù) , 具有固碳量大、固碳效率高和碳存儲(chǔ)周期長(zhǎng)等特點(diǎn)。海洋碳匯是利用海洋生物吸收大氣中的二氧化碳 ,并將其固定在海洋中的過(guò)程、活動(dòng)和機(jī)制[1]。當(dāng)大氣中的二氧化碳分壓高于表層海水時(shí) ,二氧化碳借助波浪的攪動(dòng)作用從大氣進(jìn)入海水 ,并以碳酸鹽的形式存儲(chǔ) , 從而形成海洋碳匯。據(jù)測(cè)算 ,海洋中的碳存儲(chǔ)量約為3.9×1013 t, 約是大氣碳庫(kù)的53倍和陸地碳庫(kù)的20倍;地球上約93%的二氧化碳存儲(chǔ)在海洋中 ,海洋每年可吸收全球約30%的二氧化碳;按單位面積計(jì)算 , 海洋的固碳量是森林的10倍、草原的290倍。……