劉君 王團美


[摘要] 目的 分析兒童重癥腺病毒肺炎的危險因素。 方法 收集2019年6~8月在長沙市中心醫院兒科住院的66例腺病毒肺炎患兒的臨床資料,其中34例為重癥腺病毒肺炎、32例為非重癥腺病毒肺炎,對兩組11個可能的危險因素,包括年齡、性別、白細胞、C反應蛋白(CRP)、降鈣素原(PCT)、血沉(ESR)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、谷草轉氨酶(AST)、電解質紊亂、營養性貧血、熱程≥7 d先進行單因素分析,然后對單因素分析中差異有統計學意義的危險因素進行Logistic回歸分析。 結果 多因素Logistic回歸分析顯示:營養性貧血(OR=4.597)和熱程≥7 d(OR=1.289)是兒童重癥腺病毒肺炎的獨立危險因素。 結論 營養性貧血和長熱程是兒童重癥腺病毒肺炎的獨立危險因素,及時進行相關干預治療,可減少重癥腺病毒肺炎的發生。
[關鍵詞] 腺病毒;重癥肺炎;危險因素;兒童
[中圖分類號] R725.6? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701(2020)03-0057-03
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the risk factors of severe adenovirus pneumonia in children. Methods The clinical data of 66 children with adenoviral pneumonia admitted to the pediatrics department of Changsha Central Hospital from June to August 2019 were collected. Among them, 34 were severe adenovirus pneumonia and 32 were non-severe adenovirus pneumonia. Eleven possible risk factors for both groups, including age, gender, white blood cells, C-reactive protein(CRP), procalcitonin(PCT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR), creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB), and aspartate aminotransferase(AST), electrolyte imbalance, nutritional anemia, heat history ≥7 days were first analyzed by univariate analysis, and then the risk factors with statistically significant differences in univariate analysis were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that nutritional anemia(OR=4.597) and heat history≥7 days(OR=1.289) were independent risk factors for severe adenovirus pneumonia in children. Conclusions Nutritional anemia and long heat history are independent risk factors for severe adenovirus pneumonia in children. Timely interventional treatment can reduce the occurrence of severe adenovirus pneumonia.
[Key words] Adenovirus; Severe pneumonia; Risk factors; Children
腺病毒肺炎是兒童社區獲得性肺炎中較為嚴重的類型之一,多發病于6個月~2歲兒童,多以發熱、咳嗽、呼吸困難、精神萎靡、嗜睡、面色蒼白等為主要臨床表現[1],占社區獲得性肺炎住院兒童的8.55%[2],重癥腺病毒肺炎進展快、癥狀重、病死率高、預后差,是造成嬰幼兒肺炎死亡及致殘的重要病因之一。本文回顧性分析了2019年6~8月在長沙市中心醫院住院的66例腺病毒肺炎住院患兒的臨床資料,找出能協助早期診治重癥腺病毒肺炎的臨床表現及實驗輔助檢查,早期診治,以降低病死率、改善預后,現報道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取2019年6~8月在長沙市中心醫院兒科住院的66例腺病毒肺炎住院患兒,其中男41例,女25例,年齡3個月~11歲,平均(3.03±1.98)歲,熱程0~19 d;按肺炎程度分為重癥組34例(51.5%)和非重癥組32例(48.5%)。納入標準:肺炎及重癥肺炎診斷標準參照2019年國家衛生健康委制定的《兒童社區獲得性肺炎診療規范》[3],通過免疫性熒光定量法對患兒鼻咽物、分泌物、吸出物進行腺病毒抗原或腺病毒核酸檢測陽性,并排除異物吸入史、嚴重肝腎功能不全、血液系統疾病等。
1.2 方法
將11個可能的危險因素,包括年齡、性別、白細胞、CRP、PCT、ESR、CK-MB、AST、電解質紊亂、營養性貧血、熱程≥7 d等。入院時抽取患兒靜脈血檢測血常規、肝功能、心肌酶、電解質、血沉、降鈣素原等,以獲取相關生化觀察指標結果。