糖尿病老年患者行人工髖關節置換術的圍手術期護理干預效果觀察

肖紅玉　鐘紅華

[摘要] 目的 觀察圍手術期護理干預在糖尿病老年患者行人工髖關節置換術中的護理效果及影響。方法 2017年2月—2019年3月間納入該院行人工髖關節置換術的老年糖尿病患者共74例為護理研究對象，開展回顧性分析，將其分為對照組與干預組，各組均為37例。對照組接受常規圍手術期護理，干預組接受圍手術期護理干預。對比兩組手術前后血糖指標變化、髖關節功能評分變化，術后恢復指標及手術并發癥情況。結果 血糖指標及髖關節功能評分術前檢驗、測評結果組間對比差異無統計學意義（P>0.05）。術后，干預組血糖指標、髖關節功能評分、術后恢復指標均明顯優于干預組，干預組手術并發癥率低于對照組（P<0.05）。結論 圍手術期護理干預的應用，可實現對糖尿病老年患者血糖變化及髖關節置換術預后效果的有效改善，護理效果顯著。

[關鍵詞] 人工髖關節置換術;圍手術期護理干預;護理效果

[中圖分類號] R47? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1672-4062（2020）02（b）-0153-03

[Abstract] Objective To observe the nursing effect and influence of perioperative nursing intervention on artificial hip joint replacement in elderly patients with diabetes. Methods From February 2017 to MaA total of 74 elderly diabetic patients who underwent artificial hip arthroplasty in our hospital were the nursing research subjects. A retrospective analysis was performed and they were divided into the control group and the intervention group， with 37 cases in each group. The control group received routine perioperative nursing， and the intervention group received perioperative nursing intervention. The changes of blood glucose index， hip function score， postoperative recovery index and surgical complications were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistically significant differences in blood glucose indexes and hip function scores between preoperative tests and evaluation groups（P>0.05）. Postoperatively， the blood glucose index， hip function score， and postoperative recovery index of the intervention group were significantly better than those of the intervention group， and the complication rate of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion The application of perioperative nursing intervention can effectively improve the blood glucose change and prognosis of hip replacement in elderly patients with diabetes， and the nursing effect is significant.

[Key words] Artificial hip replacement; Perioperative nursing intervention; Nursing effect

糖尿病作為臨床常見的手術合并癥，患者血糖的變化對手術時間安排及手術效果均具有顯著影響，特別是對于人工髖關節置管術手術類型而言，血糖指標異常對患者術后創傷愈合、機體感染抵御機能等均具有明顯不良影響，而糖尿病老年患者自身血糖水平較高且免疫機能較差，故其在人工髖關節置換術后的感染風險較為明顯，故不僅需在術前做好對糖尿病手術患者血糖的糾正治療，還需通過圍手術期護理干預方式的合理選取，實現對其血糖穩定性及手術安全性的有效維護[1-2]。護理干預作為基于醫學理論學科而發展形成的護理干預措施，可通過相應護理措施的開展，實現對患者手術預后并發癥的有效預防，且在臨床中具有較為廣泛的應用。因此，為觀察圍手術期護理干預在糖尿病老年患者行人工髖關節置換術中的護理效果及影響，特開展該次研究，現分析2017年2月—2019年3月間在該院行人工髖關節置換術的老年糖尿病患者74例的臨床資料，報道如下。

1? 資料與方法