新疆紅花生產現狀及發展對策研究

周遠航 郭建富 馬小龍 樊曉琴 陳勇 林明

摘要 [目的]回顧新疆紅花生產歷史及分布，摸清新疆紅花生產現狀，探討發展對策，以期為新疆紅花產業的健康、快速、可持續發展提供有價值的參考。[方法]采用實地調研并結合文獻統計收集整理分析的方式調查新疆紅花種植歷史，總結新疆紅花生產現狀及特點，并針對現存問題提出相應的對策建議。[結果]新疆地區擁有悠久的紅花種植歷史，經過多年發展變遷，伊犁、塔城、昌吉紅花主產區地位已經形成。但由于不同產區存在自然條件、栽培措施的差異，其種植面積、分布范圍、品種資源等生產特點也各不相同。[結論]新疆紅花生產存在品種混雜退化、栽培技術落后、生產經營方式粗放、機械化水平低、產業鏈過短過窄這樣的限制因素。通過建立新疆紅花良種繁育基地、制定紅花栽培技術規程和產品質量檢測標準、不斷研發機械化采收工藝、拓寬產業發展思路，打造優勢品牌，提高產品附加值等方式，可有效解決目前新疆紅花產業發展現存問題，帶動新疆紅花產區產業發展。

關鍵詞 新疆紅花;生產現狀;現存問題;發展對策

中圖分類號 S-9 ??文獻標識碼 A

文章編號 0517-6611（2021）19-0199-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.19.052

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

Research on Current Situation and Development Countermeasures of Xinjiang Safflower Production

ZHOU Yuan-hang， GUO Jian-fu，MA Xiao-long et al （Manasi Agriculture Experiment Station，Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Manasi，Xinjiang 832200）

Abstract [Objective]Review the history and distribution of safflower production in Xinjiang， find out the status quo of safflower production in Xinjiang， and explore development countermeasures in order to provide valuable references for the healthy， rapid and sustainable development of Xinjiang safflower industry.[Method]Using field surveys combined with literature statistics collection and analysis to investigate the history of safflower planting in Xinjiang， summarize the current situation and characteristics of safflower production in Xinjiang， and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for existing problems.[Result]Xinjiang region has a long history of safflower planting. After years of development and changes，Yili， Tacheng， and Changji safflower production areas have taken shape. However， due to differences in natural conditions and cultivation measures in different production areas， their planting area， distribution range， variety resources and other production characteristics are also different.[Conclusion]The production of safflower in Xinjiang has restrictive factors such as mixed varieties and degradation， backward cultivation techniques， extensive production and management methods， low level of mechanization， and short and narrow industrial chains. Through the establishment of Xinjiang safflower seed breeding base， formulation of safflower cultivation technical regulations and product quality inspection standards， continuous research and development of mechanized harvesting technology， broadening of industrial development ideas， building superior brands， and increasing product added value， etc.， it can effectively solve the existing problems in the development of the safflower industry and drive the industrial development of the safflower production area in Xinjiang.