張濤 安林波 劉光途
摘 要:競賽工作是一門學問,也是一門科學,競賽規則是使競賽公平、競賽科學的法律性依據。目前,我國沒有制定自己的冬季兩項競賽規則,了解、認識國際冬季兩項聯盟新公布的冬季兩項競賽規則的變化對促進冬季兩項在我國的發展,對提高我國北京申辦2022年第24屆冬奧會的成功率具有重要的作用。冬季兩項新競賽規則為了保護青年,進行了分組,青年男女參加歐洲公開錦標賽時只允許參加接力比賽;對比賽的氣候條件進行嚴格的規定,同時提高了對比賽場地的條件要求,國內的比賽場地要與國際接軌,需要投入大量資金進行改造才能達到國際化、標準化、科學化;對我國運動員后備隊伍建設、運動訓練、比賽設計與安排等具有重要的啟示
關鍵詞:冬季兩項;競賽規則;變化;啟示
中圖分類號:G862.1 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1002–3488(2014)04–0034–05
Inspiration from New Competition Rules Changes of Biathlon
ZHANG Tao, AN Lin-bo, LIU Guang-tu
(Chinese People's Liberation Army Ski Team, Lvshun 116041, China)
Abstract: Competition is knowledge, is also a science, the rules of competition is the legal basis which makes competitions fair and scientific. At present, China has no rules of competitions for biathlon of our own, understanding the changes of rules of competitions by International Biathlon Confederation plays an important role in improving the development of Chinese biathlon and getting the chance to bid the 24th Winter Olympic Games in 2022. The new competition rules put forward to make some groups in order to protect young people, young men and women are only allowed to take part in the relay when they participate in the European Open Championships; It gives a strict requirement for the climatic condition, meanwhile, improving the conditions for the venue, the venues will be in line with international standards, need to invest a lot of money to make them international, standardization and scientification.
Key words: biathlon; competition rules; changes; inspiration
1 引言
國際冬季兩項聯盟新公布的冬季兩項競賽規則與2009年的舊版本比較有許多變動,有些是把原來條款簡化敘述,有些則是詳細敘述了引用條款的出處。如,為保護運動員在比賽的過程中不受傷害,對比賽的天氣條件提出更高的要求:-15 ℃可終止比賽(以前為-20 ℃)。目前,國內冬季兩項訓練場地的地理位置與比賽的時間安排上看,訓練、比賽的氣候條件都低于-20 ℃,這對國內如何選擇訓練場地、安排比賽時間提出了新的課題。特別是北京申辦2022年第24屆冬奧會時,需要認真研究滑雪比賽的氣候條件與時間安排,并提出針對性的具體解決措施,我們才具備更大的申辦成功機率。……