上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮癥酸中毒的護理和健康教育探析

[摘要] 目的 探討對上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮癥酸中毒的患者進行有針對性的護理和健康教育是否有較為積極的臨床意義。方法 從2017年1月—2019年6月該院收治的上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮癥酸中毒患者中選取74例，其中進行常規急救和護理的37例患者為A組，進行有針對性的護理和健康教育的另外37例患者為B組，比較兩組患者的護理滿意度和健康知識知曉率。結果 兩組患者的護理滿意度比較，A組患者為86.49%，B組患者為97.30%，B組明顯高于A組（χ2=5.962，P<0.05）;兩組患者的健康知識知曉率比較，A組患者為75.68%，B組患者為91.89%，B組明顯高于A組（χ2=6.025，P<0.05）。結論 對上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮癥酸中毒的患者進行有針對性的護理和健康教育，可以使患者掌握更多的疾病注意事項和健康知識，從而提高患者的治療依從性，對于患者的預后和護理質量的提高都有十分積極的意義，所以值得推廣應用。

[關鍵詞] 上消化道出血;糖尿病酮癥酸中毒;護理;健康教育

[中圖分類號] R587.1? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1672-4062（2020）02（a）-0006-03

Nursing and Health Education of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding with Diabetic Ketoacidosis

LIN Jie-xin

Department of Gastroenterology， Guangzhou First People's Hospital， Guangzhou， Guangdong Province， 510000 China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate whether the targeted nursing and health education of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding combined with diabetic ketoacidosis have positive clinical significance. Methods From January 2017 to June 2019， 74 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and diabetic ketoacidosis treated in the hospital were selected， of which 37 patients who received routine emergency care and care were group A， and other 37 patients of targeted nursing and health education were group B， and the nursing satisfaction and health knowledge awareness rate were compared between the two groups. Results The comparison of nursing satisfaction between two groups of patients was 86.49% in group A and 97.30% in group B. Group B was significantly higher than group A（χ2=5.962，P<0.05）. Comparison of health knowledge awareness rates between the two groups of patients was 75.68%， group B patients were 91.89%， group B was significantly higher than group A（χ2=6.025，P<0.05）. Conclusion Targeted nursing and health education for patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and diabetic ketoacidosis can enable patients to master more disease precautions and health knowledge， thereby improving compliance and prognosis for patients' nursing quality， which has very positive significance， so it is worth promoting and applying.

[Key words] Upper gastrointestinal bleeding; Diabetic ketoacidosis; Nursing; Health education

上消化道出血作為一種臨床常見急癥[1]，通常是由于胃、食管、十二指腸、膽管、胰腺、肝臟等發生病變所引起的出血，由于出血發生在屈氏韌帶以上，所以統稱為上消化道出血[2]。糖尿病酮癥酸中毒也是一種臨床常見急癥[3]，患者由于體內胰島素缺乏，導致自身糖和脂肪代謝紊亂，出現以高血糖、高酮血癥、代謝性酸中毒等為主要表現的臨床綜合征[4]。以上所述兩種急癥若是合并出現，會對患者的生命安全造成嚴重威脅，所以在進行急救的同時進行全面具體的護理和健康教育對于患者的預后和醫療服務質量的提高都有十分積極的意義。該研究以該院自2017年1月—2019年6月收治的74例上消化道出血合并糖病酮癥酸中毒患者為研究對象，對上消化道出血合并糖尿病酮癥酸中毒的護理和健康教育方法進行了一些探討，現報道如下。……