如何提升初中學生英語課文的復述能力

張阿莉

摘要：英語課文復述能力的培養是發展學生語言綜合運用能力的最好踐行。那么，如何提升初中學生英語課文的復述能力？這里有五種方法。

關鍵詞：思維導圖;列表格;問題;文本圖片

隨著課改的不斷推進，作為初中英語教師，我們越來越意識到對學生能力培養的重要性。那么，對于英語這門課而言，也就是要不斷地培養和提升學生聽、說、讀、寫這四個方面的技能。而在這四個技能當中，我們知道，聽的和讀的都是別人的東西（這是輸入的過程），只有說出的和寫出的（這是輸出的過程）才是自己的東西。由此可見，對于學生學習英語而言，聽、讀是基礎，只有把自己的所聽、所讀和所想通過大腦加工之后表達出來，也就是具備了說和寫的能力，才真正達到了《課標》所提出的培養學生綜合語言運用能力的要求。這也正是語言學科的學習目的所在。而對于學生英語課文復述能力的培養和提升，則是對這一要求和目的最好踐行，因為這種方法是在扎實學生語言知識的基礎之上，提升他們的表達能力的。

那么，如何才能提升初中學生英語課文的復述能力呢？經過這些年對于冀教版英語教材的研究和在英語課堂教學中的探索與實踐，我總結了以下五種方法：

第一、利用關鍵詞提示（key words）復述課文。這種方法就是老師把一篇英語課文當中的重點詞匯梳理出來提供給學生進行課文復述。這種方法對于老師來說，操作起來簡單方便。而且既能練習和鞏固學生所學課文的重點詞匯，又能加強學生對課文內容的理解和記憶。下面我就以冀教版八下unit6 lesson31：Don’t Fall， Danny！ 為例來做以說明。

Key words：???????? stand on one foot

set a world record?? ?? 8 hours

3 minutes??????????????? ?? 7hours 57minutes

break the world record?????????? ????? champion

too long??; ??? be late for

gathering ??? relative??????? chicken

put down ??? on two feet

The retelling of the text：

Today Danny stands on one foot because he wants to set a new world record. The record is eight hours. He has been standing for three minutes and feels tired. So after seven hours fifty-seven minutes， he can break the record. He thinks that’s too long and he will be late for supper. His family will have a gathering and many relatives are coming. His mother is cooking chicken and he loves chicken. So he puts his foot down and go home on two feet.

第二、利用思維導圖（mind map）復述課文。這種方法即通過教師引導學生分析課文思路，理出文章整體框架，從而制定出思維導圖。因為這種方法既有利于學生把握文章整體脈絡，又有利于他們對重點部分的識記，所以很受教師和學生的青睞。我個人也最喜歡使用這種方法，因為它能將教師的教學設計和教學水平提升到一個新的高度。下面我就以冀教版八下unit3 lesson17：Save The Tigers 為例來做以說明。

The mind map：

in the forest

Save The Tigers???? orange fur dark strips

symbols of strength courage

a volunteer group to save tigers

?????? the number of… is quickly decreasing

????????? hunt kill for money

????????? …cut down… as well

?????? are important to the environment

???????? at the top of …

???????? keep … in balance…

The retelling of the text：

Tigers live in the forest. They have orange fur and dark strips. They are symbols of strength and courage. There is a

volunteer group named Save The Tigers. They hope to save tigers

because the number of tigers is quickly decreasing. They are in danger of going extinct. Why？ There are two reasons. One is for some people hunt and kill tigers for money. The other is for people have cut down a lot of trees as well， tigers lose their homes. However， tigers are important to the environment. They are at the top of the food chain and keep the number of other wild animals. So we must do something to protect them.

第三、利用列表格復述課文。這種方法需要教師按課文的某一線索來列出表格，對文章內容條理化，對文章的脈絡和邏輯順序化，然后引導學生深入課文完成表格填寫。這種方法最大的優點就是能讓人對龐雜的文片一目了然，所以也是比較受教師歡迎的。下面我就以冀教版八下unit2 lesson11：Amazing Plants 為例來做以說明。

The table about the text：

The retelling of the text：

Today we learned about four kinds of amazing plants： a flying flower， a shy plant， a laughing tree and a living fossil. A flying flower lives in eastern Asia. They look like flying egrets. A shy plant lives in South America， China and other countries. When something touches its leaves， they close up tightly. After a few minutes， they open up again. A laughing tree lives in the middle of Africa. The fruit of this tree has a hole in it. If the wind blows， it “laughs”. A living fossil lives in the southwest of Africa. It has only two leaves and a stem. The two leaves continue to grow for its whole life. It can live as long as 1500 years.

第四、利用問題復述課文。這種方法要求教師按照課文事件發展的順序或步驟，提出一系列與文章內容相關的問題，進而引導學生閱讀課文并板書問題的答案，然后將這些答案按順序用一些恰當的關聯詞串聯起來就是對整篇課文的復述。此方法尤其適用于記敘文和說明文并極易操作，因此也是教師管用的一種方法。下面我就以冀教版八下unit3 lesson16：The Bear Escape！ 為例來做以說明。

The questions about the text：

1. What festival was it today in the text？

2. What did Jenny and Brian want to for Danny？

3. How did they do it？

4. How did Danny feel at first？

5. What did Danny feel and do when he heard the bear is coming for his donuts？

6. What did he soon realized？

The retelling of the text：

Today was April Fool’s Day. Jenny and Brian want to play a trick on Danny. Danny was sleeping. They wake him up and told him a bear escaped from the zoo. At first， Danny wasn’t scared and felt happy. When he heard the bear was coming for his donuts， he was scared and told everyone to run. But he soon realized they were playing a joke on him.

以上就是我個人在平時的教學實踐中，總結出來的幾種英語課文的復述方法。當然教無定法，學無止境！只要我們用心教學、潛心研究，方法一定還有很多很多。總而言之，在英語教學這條路上，只要各位英語教師想方設法，引領學生不斷鉆研探究，學生的英語課文復述能力一定會得到大幅度提升的！