張潤蓮
[摘要] 眾所周知,慢性病已經大大影響了我國居民的健康情況,極大降低了民眾的生活品質,與此同時也大大加重了社會的經濟和醫療負擔。結合慢性病的性質及治療特點可知,對其開展的防控工作不是短期內可以完成的,需要相關部門對慢性病及其危險因素的防控機制進行完善。基于這一現狀,該文提出了相關應對方案,對促進我國開展慢性疾病管理質量和效率改善的策略展開深入論述,為相關參與人員提供借鑒和參考。
[關鍵詞] 慢性疾病;危險因素;分級診療
[中圖分類號] R197.1 [文獻標識碼] A [文章編號] 1672-5654(2020)03(a)-0141-03
[Abstract] As we all know, chronic diseases have greatly affected the health of Chinese residents, greatly reduced the quality of life of the people, and at the same time greatly increased the economic and medical burden on society. According to the nature and treatment characteristics of chronic diseases, it can be known that the prevention and control of chronic diseases can not be completed in a short time, and relevant departments need to improve the prevention and control mechanisms of chronic diseases and their risk factors. Based on this situation, to proposes relevant countermeasures in this article, and discusses in depth the strategies to promote the improvement of the quality and efficiency of chronic disease management in China. It can provide practical reference for relevant participants.
[Key words] Chronic disease; Risk factors; Graded diagnosis and treatment
伴隨經濟的發展,人們的生活節奏和飲食習慣也出現明顯改變,越來越多的人受到慢性病的困擾,這也成為了全球面臨的主要問題。另外,我國的慢性病人群規模也在不斷擴大,在慢性病人群擴展速度方面位居世界各國之首,且向年輕人轉移的態勢越來越明顯,對居民的身心健康帶來極大影響[1-2]。鑒于這一情況,該文在對慢性病的危險因素及其原因進行分析基礎上提出了相關的應對策略,希望可以為醫療工作者及民眾在應對慢性病方面提供參考和借鑒。
1 ?慢性病的概念及流行情況
慢性病已經是引起全球死亡發病率的主要因素,據統計僅2016年一年因慢性病致死的人數高達4 100萬左右,占總死亡人數的70.65%[3]。導致死亡問題出現的主要原因是心腦血管疾病、惡性腫瘤和慢性呼吸系統疾病,這一類疾病引起死亡的人數占74%左右。……