999精品在线视频,手机成人午夜在线视频,久久不卡国产精品无码,中日无码在线观看,成人av手机在线观看,日韩精品亚洲一区中文字幕,亚洲av无码人妻,四虎国产在线观看 ?

骨科住院患者醫院感染特點與危險因素分析

2020-08-04 13:55:33康中琴吳曉英
中國當代醫藥 2020年17期
關鍵詞:住院患者危險因素

康中琴 吳曉英

[摘要]目的 分析骨科住院患者醫院感染的臨床特征與危險因素,為降低骨科醫院感染發生率提供科學依據。方法 選取2017年9月1日~2018年8月31日于我院骨科住院的3542例患者作為監測對象,將其分為創傷(1295例)、關節(1075例)、脊柱(1172例)三個專業組,分析骨科住院患者醫院感染的臨床特點及危險因素。結果 骨科住院患者醫院感染發生率(例次發生率)為1.67%(1.89%);創傷組的醫院感染例次發生率為2.93%,高于關節組的1.58%和脊柱組的1.02%,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。醫院感染部位構成前3位為下呼吸道(32.84%)、手術部位(31.34%)、泌尿道(20.90%);病原菌中革蘭陰性菌、革蘭陽性菌、真菌分別占50.00%、46.00%、4.00%,前3位病原菌為金黃色葡萄球菌(24.00%)、大腸埃希菌(20.00%)、鮑曼不動桿菌(12.00%)。感染者與未感染者的年齡≥65歲、性別、低蛋白血癥、基礎疾病≥2種、牽引制動、手術、使用呼吸機、入住ICU、中心靜脈置管、留置尿管情況比較,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05);進一步多因素非條件Logistic回歸分析顯示,男性、低蛋白血癥、基礎疾病≥2種、入住ICU、中心靜脈置管、留置尿管為骨科患者醫院感染的獨立危險因素(P<0.05)。結論 骨科住院患者醫院感染具有以下呼吸道和手術部位感染為主、革蘭陰性菌及革蘭陽性菌感染比例相當、創傷患者醫院感染率較高的特點,存在上述一種或多種危險因素的骨科住院患者發生醫院感染風險較大,應積極治療低蛋白血癥、基礎疾病,規范并減少侵入性操作等,以降低醫院感染率。

[關鍵詞]骨科;住院患者;醫院感染;監測;危險因素

[中圖分類號] R181.3 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻標識碼] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號] 1674-4721(2020)6(b)-0180-04

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection in hospitalized patients in orthopedic department, so as to provide scientific basis for reducing the incidence of nosocomial infection in orthopedic. Methods A total of 3542 patients who hospitalized in the orthopedic department from September 1, 2017 to August 31, 2018 in our hospital were selected as the monitoring objects and divided into three specialized groups: the trauma group (1295 cases), the joint group (1075 cases) and the spine group (1172 cases). The clinical characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection in orthopedic inpatients were analyzed. Results The incidence rate of nosocomial infection of orthopedic inpatients was 1.67% (the case number infection rate was 1.89%). The incidence rate of case number nosocomial infection in the trauma group was 2.93%, which was higher than that in the joint group (1.58%) and spine group (1.02%), the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The top three infection sites were lower respiratory tract (32.84%), surgical site (31.34%) and urinary tract (20.90%). Gram-negative bacteria, gram-positive bacteria and fungi accounted for 50.00%, 46.00%, and 4.00%, respectively. The top three pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (24.00%), Escherichia coli (20.00%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (12.00%). The differences between the infected and uninfected patients in age (over 65 years old), gender, hypoproteinemia, basic diseases (more than 2 kinds), traction brake, surgery, use of ventilator, admission to ICU, central vein catheterization and indwelling catheter were statistically significant (P<0.05). Further multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that male, hypoproteinemia, basic diseases (more than 2 kinds), admission to ICU, central vein catheterization and indwelling catheter were independent risk factors of nosocomial infection in orthopedic patients (P<0.05). Conclusion The nosocomial infection of orthopedic inpatients has the following characteristics: the mainly infection sites are lower respiratory tract and surgical site, the proportion of gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria is similar, and the nosocomial infection rate in trauma patients is higher. The risk of nosocomial infection of orthopedic inpatients with one or more of the above risk factors is higher. The hypoproteinemia and basic diseases should be actively treated, and invasive operation should be standardized and reduced, in order to reduce the nosocomial infection rate.

本研究結果顯示,基礎疾病≥1種與骨科住院患者醫院感染無關,與文獻[19-20]報道不符,可能與研究對象年齡偏大、基礎疾病患病率高以及患者基礎疾病控制較好有關。手術、牽引制動、年齡≥65歲、使用呼吸機在本研究中雖不是獨立危險因素,但單因素分析顯示這4個因素與骨科住院患者醫院感染有較強的相關性,仍需要醫護人員重視骨科患者圍術期管理、臥床與高齡患者呼吸功能鍛煉、呼吸機相關性肺炎預防等醫院感染防控措施。

綜上所述,骨科住院患者醫院感染具有以下呼吸道和手術部位感染為主、革蘭陰性菌及陽性菌感染比例相當、創傷患者醫院感染發生率較高的特點,存在上述一種或多種危險因素的骨科住院患者發生醫院感染風險較大,醫護人員應勸導患者戒煙,積極治療基礎疾病與低蛋白血癥,規范并減少侵入性操作等,以降低骨科患者醫院感染發生率。

[參考文獻]

[1]Spatenkova V,Bradac O,Fackova D,et al.Low incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and nosocomial infection due to a preventive multimodal nosocomial infection control:a 10-year single centre prospective cohort study in neurocritical care[J].BMC Neurol,2018,18(1):23.

[2]王華芳,向珮瑩,潘澤英,等.老年住院患者醫院感染經濟損失的病例對照研究[J].中華醫院感染學雜志,2018,28(8):1241-1244.

[3]吳曉英,丁麗娜,吳修建.多重耐藥鮑曼不動桿菌所致醫院感染的直接經濟損失研究[J].中國感染控制雜志,2018, 17(8):735-738.

[4]魏燕,張翠紅,譚桃,等.脊柱手術患者術后醫院感染的臨床特點與影響因素及預防[J].中華醫院感染學雜志,2018, 28(24):3804-3807.

[5]中華人民共和國衛生部.醫院感染診斷標準(試行)[S].北京,2001.

[6]Rosenthal VD,Rodrigues C,Alvarez-Moreno C,et al.Effectiveness of a multidimensional approach for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in adult intensive care units from 14 developing countries of four continents:Findings of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium[J].Crit Care Med,2012,40(12):3121-3128.

[7]楊心怡,朱會英,索繼江,等.綜合性醫院骨科醫院感染危險因素分析[J].中華醫院感染學雜志,2016,26(16):3752-3754.

[8]吳麗紅,師靚,李剛,等.骨科手術患者術后醫院感染相關因素分析[J].中華醫院感染學雜志,2018,28(20):3120-3123.

[9]李堅,張金喜,李敏皋,等.骨科老年患者術后醫院感染相關因素及預防策略分析[J].中華醫院感染學雜志,2018, 28(6):876-878.

[10]Durand F,Berthelot P,Cazorla C,et al.Smoking is a risk factor of organ/space surgical site infection in orthopaedic surgery with implant materials[J].Int Orthop,2013,37(4):723-727.

[11]Foo YZ,Nakagawa S,Rhodes G,et al.The effects of sex hormones on immune function:a meta-analysis[J].Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc,2017,92(1):551-571.

[12]Parmentierdecrucq E,Nseir S,Makris D,et al.Accuracy of leptin serum level in diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia:a case-control study[J].Minerva Anestesiol,2014,80(1):39-47.

[13]Bohl DD,Shen MR,Kayupov E,et al.Hypoalbuminemia independently predicts surgical site infection,pneumonia,length of stay,and readmission after total joint arthroplasty[J].J Arthroplasty,2016,31(1):15-21.

[14]Richards JE,Kauffmann RM,Zuckerman SL,et al.Relationship of hyperglycemia and surgical-site infection in orthopaedic surgery[J].J Bone Joint Surg Am,2012,94(13):1181-1186.

[15]成鵬,周海宇,尹曉莉,等.中國人群脊柱術后手術部位感染相關危險因素的Meta分析[J].中國脊柱脊髓雜志,2017,27(8):704-713.

[16]蔣曉霞,陳坤,楊梅,等.骨科手術患者術后感染危險因素的病例對照研究[J].預防醫學,2018,30(3):232-235, 239.

[17]楊楠,馬雄心,楊文選,等.骨科植入術后患者醫院感染臨床特征與實施流程化管理的控制研究[J].中華醫院感染學雜志,2015,25(23):5444-5446.

[18]宋維海,鄧國超,沈建新,等.骨科住院患者醫院感染特點與預防[J].中醫藥管理雜志,2017,25(10):89-91.

[19]Zhang J,Zhao T,Long S,et al.Risk factors for postoperative infection in Chinese lung cancer patients:A meta-analysis[J].J Evid Based Med,2017,10(4),255-262.

[20]Bohl DD,Saltzman BM,Sershon RA,et al.Incidence,risk factors,and clinical implications of pneumonia following total hip and knee arthroplasty[J].J Arthroplasty,2017,32(6):1991-1995.

(收稿日期:2019-11-01 ?本文編輯:任秀蘭)

猜你喜歡
住院患者危險因素
淺談老年病科住院患者的安全護理
某綜合醫院18例住院患者自殺行為特征分析
品管圈活動在提高住院患者痰標本留取率中的應用效果
老年住院患者口腔護理技巧分析
非酒精性脂肪性肝病相關因素的分析與探討
今日健康(2016年12期)2016-11-17 14:41:50
產科出生缺陷的危險因素及護理對策
今日健康(2016年12期)2016-11-17 13:12:34
普通外科術后切口感染危險因素的分析
今日健康(2016年12期)2016-11-17 12:29:29
圍絕經期婦女骨質疏松癥的預防與保健指導
科技資訊(2016年19期)2016-11-15 10:33:36
骨瓜提取物的不良反應分析
老年骨質疏松性骨折的危險因素及臨床護理對策
主站蜘蛛池模板: 秋霞国产在线| 98精品全国免费观看视频| 国产精品久久久久久久久久98| 亚洲天堂视频在线播放| 久久影院一区二区h| 国产va欧美va在线观看| 日韩欧美网址| 91亚洲视频下载| 麻豆国产原创视频在线播放| 中文纯内无码H| 亚洲精品午夜无码电影网| 91探花在线观看国产最新| 激情爆乳一区二区| 91极品美女高潮叫床在线观看| 亚洲品质国产精品无码| 美女黄网十八禁免费看| 国产精品无码AⅤ在线观看播放| 最新国产在线| 国产手机在线小视频免费观看| 四虎亚洲精品| 91小视频在线播放| 日韩毛片免费视频| 91久久国产热精品免费| 本亚洲精品网站| 2020精品极品国产色在线观看| 99精品这里只有精品高清视频| 国产乱人免费视频| 免费高清毛片| 亚洲人成网站日本片| 在线观看免费黄色网址| 久久精品中文字幕免费| 国产香蕉97碰碰视频VA碰碰看| 欧美国产菊爆免费观看| 午夜福利视频一区| 亚洲自拍另类| 久久人人妻人人爽人人卡片av| 国产午夜不卡| 国产欧美精品专区一区二区| 亚洲欧美不卡视频| 久久青草热| 激情乱人伦| 国产男人的天堂| 一区二区影院| 黑色丝袜高跟国产在线91| 精品夜恋影院亚洲欧洲| 青青草一区二区免费精品| 亚洲清纯自偷自拍另类专区| 亚洲第一在线播放| 波多野结衣无码中文字幕在线观看一区二区| 亚洲 欧美 偷自乱 图片| 亚洲制服中文字幕一区二区| 97超级碰碰碰碰精品| 热久久这里是精品6免费观看| 国产美女人喷水在线观看| 男女猛烈无遮挡午夜视频| 人妻中文字幕无码久久一区| 亚洲天堂视频网站| 一级黄色欧美| 午夜精品国产自在| 91区国产福利在线观看午夜| 亚洲第一香蕉视频| 午夜免费视频网站| 无码av免费不卡在线观看| 国产一区二区三区免费观看| 欧美精品不卡| 欧洲日本亚洲中文字幕| 欧美精品亚洲精品日韩专区va| 亚洲av成人无码网站在线观看| 精品91在线| 国产麻豆精品久久一二三| 欧美一区二区三区香蕉视| 91在线播放免费不卡无毒| 成人噜噜噜视频在线观看| 成人无码一区二区三区视频在线观看| 全午夜免费一级毛片| 中国成人在线视频| 天天视频在线91频| 亚洲天堂在线免费| 亚洲免费毛片| 亚洲欧美日韩成人高清在线一区| 超碰色了色| 波多野结衣亚洲一区|